英語訳
# A Quick-Reference Guide to Directions in the Vicinity of Settsu-Osaka: An Account of the Great Earthquake and Tsunami
**Investigated and recorded on the afternoon of the 5th day of the 11th month of Kaei 7 (the Year of the Tiger), around 4:30 p.m.**
## A General Account of the Great Calamity in Osaka, Settsu Province
On the morning of the 4th day of the 11th month of Kaei 7 (Kinoe-Tora, corresponding to November 4, 1854), at around half past nine in the morning, a great earthquake began to shake the city. It continued for approximately half an hour (one koku). The people of the city ran about in all directions—north, south, east, and west—and the chaos that ensued was beyond description. Buildings throughout Osaka collapsed, buckled, or were crushed flat. The damage is impossible to describe fully in words. More than two hundred locations throughout the city suffered structural collapse. Shrines and temples also suffered great damage. Even the pagoda of Tennōji was left tilted and warped.
Then, on the following day, the 5th, at around four in the afternoon (Nanatsu-doki), another great earthquake struck and shook the city for approximately half an hour. After that, a great rumbling sound arose from an indeterminate direction, startling everyone—its sound was comparable to (thunder), and the city fell into great uproar. Again, at around six in the evening (Muttsu-doki), yet another great earthquake struck, shaking the city for half an hour. Around half past six (Muttsu-han-doki, approximately 7 p.m.), a massive tsunami some two jō (approximately 6 meters) high surged in from the sea. The chaos along the coastline was too terrible to behold.
Along the waterways of the Ajikawa and Kizugawa rivers, thousands of large and small vessels were pushed and piled upon one another all at once, crashing through the river channels. Along the Dōtonbori canal, the bridges of Yoshibashi, Shiomibashi, Saiwai-bashi, Sumiyoshi-bashi, and Imomiya-bashi were destroyed; along the Nagahori canal, Tera-bashi; along the Horie canal, Mizuwake-bashi and Kurogane-bashi; and elsewhere, Ajikawa-bashi and Kamei-bashi all collapsed simultaneously. Thousands of vessels piled up like mountains at Daikoku Bridge, and virtually no one caught beneath them survived.
The townspeople of the city, frightened by the earthquake of the 4th, had fled en masse onto chafune (small tea boats), flat-bottomed houseboats, and thirty-koku river boats to spend the night on the water. However, the boats in those waters were entirely smashed to pieces, and the number of people who drowned was in the hundreds—too many to count. The destruction of large and small boats, the number of injured, the damage to homes, the destruction of the river channels, the devastation of reclaimed fields and coastal residences need hardly be elaborated upon. That night, the people of the city scattered in all directions, and it was truly said to be an unprecedented and extraordinary event.
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## Chronicle of Major Earthquakes
- Reign of the 40th Emperor: Hakuhō 19, Kinoe-Tora, 11th month, 7th day — Great Earthquake
- Reign of the 80th Emperor: Jishō 3, Tsuchinoto-I, 11th month, 7th day — Same
- Reign of the 95th Emperor: Shōchū 1, Kinoe-Ne, 11th month, 15th day — Same
- Reign of the 107th Emperor: Tenshō 13, Kinoto-Tori, 11th month, 29th day — Same
- Reign of the 114th Emperor: Genroku 16, Mizunoto-Hitsuji, 11th month, 23rd day — Same
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## From Sakai in Izumi Province to the Vicinity of Osaka
In the city of Sakai, the great tsunami caused enormous confusion; not a single house was left undamaged. From there, in the areas around Sano, Kaizuka, and Kishi-no-Wada, the roads and paths throughout the region suffered widespread destruction, with countless locations damaged. The same conditions as above prevailed.
- Amagasaki, Hyōgo, and Nishinomiya, and all surrounding areas, suffered damage from the great tsunami similar to that of Osaka.
- Nara and the Yamato roads experienced the great earthquake, but there were no collapsed structures or injured persons.
- Kyoto and Fushimi and their surroundings were much the same as Yamato.
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## Distances from Osaka to Various Locations
| Destination | Distance | Destination | Distance |
|-------------|----------|-------------|----------|
| Amagasaki | 3 ri | Sumiyoshi | 2 ri |
| Nishinomiya | 5 ri | Sakai | 3 ri |
| Hyōgo | 10 ri | Kishiwada | 7 ri |
| Akashi | 15 ri | Kaizuka | 8 ri |
| Kyoto | 13 ri | Tennōji | 35 chō |
| Fushimi | 10 ri | Sano | 10 ri |
| Nara | 8 ri | Wakayama | 16 ri |
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## Sketch Map of the Osaka Area
(The following place names are inscribed within the accompanying sketch map of Osaka and its surroundings.)
**Northwest:** Amagasaki, Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Wada-no-Hana, Yamato-da, Ichinosu, Kita-Tenma, Kokubu, Tenjin, Gongen[...], Kita-Tempozan, Minami-Tempozan
**Central:** Nakanoshima, Dōjima, Tenjinbashi, Naniwa-bashi, Goryō, Minami Midō, Uemachi, Zama (Ikasuri), Nipponbashi, Sakaisuji, Shimanouchi, Semba, Inari, Hachiman, Mitsudera
**East:** Tamazukuri, Ikutama, Kōzu, Imamiya, Namba
**South/Southeast:** Tennōji, Kiyomizu, Sumiyoshi-gun, Sumiyoshi, Yamatogawa channel, Imamiya, Kizu
**River and Reclaimed Land District:** Ajikawa, Kujō, Shikanoshima, Shirinashi-gawa, Kasuga Shinden, Shimaya Shinden, Ajikawa-guchi, Tempozan
**River Mouth and Coastal Areas:** Kizugawa-guchi, Ichioka Shinden, Idzu-o Shinden, Sangenja, Okajima Shinden, Tsumori Shinden, Kakaya Shinden, Sumiyoshi-ura
**South:** Kishiwada, Kaizuka, Sano, Kada, Wakayama