翻刻
一途中ニ而相果候ハヽ次村へ不継送支配之役所へ致注進其所ニ而仮埋ニいたし置其者之在所親類村役人江懸合候上其所ニ葬候共望ニ
任すへし并道心者廻国之類抔懐中ニ何国ニ而相果候共其所へ葬候様本寺触頭其在所之寺院或ハ親類等慥成書付有之候ハヽ
支配之役所へ訴之在所へ相届ニ不及其所へ可取置勿論最初ゟ行倒相果罷在候節之取計も同様之事
右之通可相心得万一療養も不加或ハ内々ニ而於継送ハ是又急度御仕置可申付候
一都而右類之諸入用ハ享保二十卯年五海道へ相触候通病人又ハ在所ゟ指出候ハ格別無左候ハヽ宿割村割ニ致へし右之趣可相
守者也 亥十二月 右之通可被相触候
一明和五子年
●〇徳川右衛門督向後田安中納言殿と称可申旨御触 五月
●〇五匁銀壱枚ニ付目方四歩迄之軽重ハ無構可致通用旨
一五匁銀両替屋共多集り金子指支候儀有之節ハ御金蔵へ相納金子ニ引替候筈之旨御触 七月
▲〇諸寺社神事仏事開帳等其外平生共葵御紋付之品ハ向後御女中様方ゟも容易ニ御寄付無之御三家始其外大名ゟも菩提
所等ハ格別其外ヘハ寄付無之筈ニ候是迄御寄付之分ハ寺社奉行へ相伺差図次第可致候其外寄付之分ハ什物ニ致置平生ハ勿
論神事仏事開帳等之節も相用候儀可為無用候尤葵御紋相用候面々霊牌等有之寺院へ相納候膳具其外折敷等御
紋付之品其人之法用ニ相用候儀不苦候右之趣寺社之輩へ寺社奉行ゟ申渡候間御料私領寺社領之分へ御代官領主地
頭ゟ可被申渡候 七月 右之通可被相触候
一安永三午年
▲〇近年村々江虚無僧修行之体ニ而参り百姓共江ねたりケ間敷儀申懸り或ハ旅宿を申付候様村役人抔と申候故宿取遣
候得者麁宅ニ而止宿難成由を申あはれ其場ニ居合候もの共を尺八ニ而打擲いたし疵付候儀有之段相聞不届之至
ニ候虚無僧修行いたし候ハヽ志次第之施物を得夜ニ入候ハヽ相対ニ而一宿可致筋ニ候間已来虚無僧共聊も不法之
筋有之者其村方ニ而指押御料者御代官并御預役所私領者領主地頭役所へ早々召連出へし若於相背者
其村方可為越度者也
右之趣御料私領寺社領等不洩様ニ相触村々ニ而写為取村之入口高札
場或村役人宅前抔江為張置可申候
正月 右之通可被相触候
▲〇角力興行之節木戸を建札銭取候儀者角力を致渡世ニ候者之儀ニ有之候然ル処国々ニおゐて御料ハ御代官私領ハ領主
地頭江願之上素人共寄合角相催其外神事等之節も角力興行致候殊ニ神事等之砌致興行候ハ畢竟先年ゟ致来候
嘉例ニ而致興行候ニ付見物も可致群集故取之候為囲等致し候迄ニ而木戸を建札銭等請取候儀向後無用ニ可致候
尤勧進角力興行致候ハヽ角力渡世之もの共へ対談之上催候儀ハ格別之事ニ候間其趣相心得在方之者共心得
違無之様可致候右之趣向々江寄々可被相触候 巳十月
●〇贋金銀拵候者御仕置并吟味候儀ニ付御触 二月
●〇弐朱判之儀未京大坂ニ不行渡ニ付大坂へ指登セ通用有之筈ニ付御触 七月
▲〇近年浪人抔と申村々百姓家へ参合力を取少分之合力なと遣候得ハ
悪口致し或ハ一宿を取泊病気抔と申四五日も
致逗留候内ニ者品々難題を申懸合力銭余計ニねたり取候段粗相聞不届之至ニ候以来右体之者罷越候ハヽ其辺之
穢多非人ニ為召捕関八州伊豆国甲斐国者公事方御勘定所江召連出其余之国々ハ御料ハ御代官私領ハ領主
地頭江召連可出候勿論何様申候共決而止宿不為致苗字帯刀致候者へ
ハ一銭之合力も致間敷候
一旅僧修験瞽女座頭之類物貰之者共志次第之報謝を受相対ニ而宿を借り可申処近年押而宿を取或ハねたり
ケ間敷義申懸候もの共有之段粗相聞候是以不届之至ニ候以来右体不法之候者ハ前ケ条同様為召捕召連可出候
若於相背候其村方可為越度者也 右之趣御料私領寺社領等不洩様相触村々ニ而為写取村々入口高札
場或ハ村役人之宅前なとへ為張置可申候 十月 右之通可被相触候
一安永六酉年
▲〇近来在方村々之者共耕作を等閑ニ致シ却而困窮等之儀申立奉公ニ出候者多所持之田畑を荒シ置候類有之由
相聞不埒之至ニ候已来持高人別割合何人迄ハ奉公ニ出候而も残人数ニ而耕作者勿論村方之指支無之候哉否御役人共
相糺実々無拠子細ニ而奉公ニ出度旨相願候者在之候ハヽ右割合之人数迄ハ村役人共承届年季を限ニ奉公ニ出候様
可致候若村方之指支も不顧奉公ニ出田畑を荒候儀等有之候ハヽ当人ハ勿論村役人とも越度たるへき者也
右之通御料者御代官私領者領主地頭より可被相触候 酉五月 右之通可被相触候
〇諸大名乗物鞍覆茶弁当爪折傘騎馬供并供鎗供馬且召連候徒侍人数其外供廻り行列之間を詰并せる様ニとの義
供之者も代り等之儀ニ付而先達而追々触も有之候処今以致渋難候趣ニ相聞候弥先達而相触候通相守追々願等相済候分者
其節相達候通ニ相心得此以後猥ニ不相成様急度可被相守候右之通可被相触候 七月
▲〇強訴徒党逃散者前々より御法度之所遠国之百姓共弁も無之難立願を企強訴又者徒党して遺恨有之
ものゝ家居を打こわす類有之其度々御仕置ニ相成去ル巳年も飛騨之国之者共地所之改を令難渋致越訴於江戸
吟味中国元之社地大勢集り御代官陣屋へ令強訴及狼藉厳敷吟味之上
頭取之内大胆成働致候もの四人ハ
磔拾弐人ハ獄門壱人死罪指続候もの拾三人遠嶋夫ゟ以下品々御仕置申付取鎮候者共ハ白銀被下其身一代帯刀
永く苗字御免其外徒党強訴ニ不加もの者逸々御褒美御誉等有之候処当春信濃国高井水内両郡之百姓共御年貢
期月之儀を申立騒立吟味之上今般頭取之者弐人ハ獄門差続候者六人遠島其以下追放等御仕置相済差押不加者とも
右同様御褒美御誉等有之候飛騨与信濃ハ隣国ニ而不承事ハ有之間敷処何か悪事を致候故之事与のミ存たる
現代語訳
【明和四亥年（続き）】
一、途中で亡くなった場合は、次の村へ送り継ぐことはせず、支配役所へ届け出て、その場所に仮埋葬しておき、その者の在所・親類・村役人へ連絡を取った上で、その場所に葬ることも、在所へ送り返すことも、本人の望みに任せるものとする。また、道心者・廻国修行者などが懐中に何か書付を持っていた場合でも、どの国で亡くなっても、その場所に葬るよう、本寺・触頭・その在所の寺院あるいは親類などの確かな書付があれば、支配役所へ届け出て、在所へ送り届けるには及ばず、その場所に取り置くこと。もちろん、最初から行き倒れになって亡くなっている場合の取り扱いも同様とする。
以上のとおり心得るべきであり、万一、療養も施さず、あるいは内々で送り継いだりした場合には、これまた厳しく処罰する。
一、すべてこれらに関わる諸入用は、享保二十卯年に五街道へ触れたとおり、病人の在所より差し出しがある場合は別として、そうでない場合は宿割・村割にすること。以上の趣旨を守るべきものである。
亥十二月 右のとおり触れるべきこと。
【明和五子年】
●○徳川右衛門督は、今後「田安中納言殿」と称すべき旨、御触れあり。五月
●○五匁銀一枚につき、目方四分までの軽重は構わず通用すべき旨。
一、五匁銀の両替屋が多く集まり、金子の遣り繰りに差し支えが生じた節は、御金蔵へ納めて金子に引き替える手はずである旨、御触れあり。七月
▲○諸寺社の神事・仏事・開帳、その他平生においても、葵の御紋を付けた品については、今後は御女中様方からも容易にご寄付なさらないこと。御三家をはじめその他の大名からも、菩提所等は格別として、その他へは寄付しないものとする。これまでご寄付のあった分については、寺社奉行へ伺いを立て、指図次第に取り計らうこと。その他寄付の分は什物として大切に保管し、平生はもちろん、神事・仏事・開帳などの際にも使用することは無用とする。ただし、葵の御紋を使用している方々の霊牌などがある寺院へ納める膳具やその他の折敷など、御紋付きの品をその人の法用に使うことは差し支えない。右の趣旨は寺社奉行から寺社の者どもへ申し渡すので、御料・私領・寺社領の分については御代官・領主・地頭から申し渡すべきこと。
七月 右のとおり触れるべきこと。
【安永三午年】
▲○近年、村々に虚無僧が修行と称してやって来て、百姓たちに対してねだり、けちをつけるような振る舞いをし、あるいは旅宿を申し付けるよう村役人などに言い、宿を提供すると粗末だと言い、その場に居合わせた者たちを尺八で打ちつけて傷をつけるといったことがあると聞いており、不届き至極である。虚無僧が修行をするのであれば、志次第の施しを受け、夜になったら相対（双方合意）で一宿するべきことであるから、今後、虚無僧どもが少しでも不法な行いをした者は、その村方で取り押さえ、御料は御代官および御預役所、私領は領主・地頭役所へ早々に連れ出すこと。もし背いた場合は、その村方の落ち度とする。
右の趣旨、御料・私領・寺社領等に漏れなく触れ渡し、村々にて書き写しを取り、村の入口の高札場あるいは村役人宅前などに張り出しておくこと。
正月 右のとおり触れるべきこと。
▲○相撲興行の際に木戸を建てて木戸銭を取ることは、相撲を渡世とする者に限ることである。しかるところ、国々において御料は御代官、私領は領主・地頭へ願い出た上で、素人たちが集まって相撲を催し、その他神事などの際にも相撲興行を行うことがあり、特に神事などの際に興行するのは、もとより以前から行ってきた嘉例（めでたい慣例）として興行するものであり、見物のために群集するのであるから、囲いを設けることはあっても、木戸を建てて木戸銭等を受け取ることは、今後無用とすること。ただし、勧進相撲の興行を行う場合は、相撲渡世の者どもと相談の上で催すのは別格のことであるから、その趣旨を心得て、在方の者どもが心得違いのないようにすること。
右の趣旨、各方面へ触れ渡すべきこと。巳十月
●○偽金銀を作った者の処罰および吟味の件につき、御触れあり。二月
●○二朱判については、いまだ京・大坂では流通していないため、大坂へ送り上げて通用させる手はずにつき、御触れあり。七月
▲○近年、浪人などと名乗って村々の百姓の家へ立ち寄り、少しの施しを与えると悪口を言い、あるいは一泊を求めて病気などと言って四、五日も逗留する間に、様々な難題を申しかけて施し銭をさらに多くねだり取るということが概ね聞こえており、不届き至極である。今後、右のような者が来た場合は、その辺の穢多・非人に取り押さえさせ、関八州・伊豆国・甲斐国については公事方御勘定所へ連れ出し、その他の国々は御料は御代官、私領は領主・地頭へ連れ出すこと。もちろん何と申しても決して宿を貸さず、苗字帯刀する者へは一銭の施しもしてはならない。
一、旅僧・修験者・瞽女・座頭の類・物乞いの者どもは、志次第の謝礼を受け、双方合意の上で宿を借りるべきところ、近年は押し付けで宿を取り、あるいはねだりがましいことを申しかける者どもがいると概ね聞いており、これも不届き至極である。今後、右のように不法な者は、前段と同様に取り押さえて連れ出すこと。もし背いた場合は、その村方の落ち度とする。
右の趣旨、御料・私領・寺社領等に漏れなく触れ、村々にて書き写しを取り、村々の入口の高札場あるいは村役人の宅前などへ張り出しておくこと。
十月 右のとおり触れるべきこと。
【安永六酉年】
▲○近来、在方村々の者どもが耕作をおろそかにし、かえって困窮などを申し立てて奉公に出る者が多く、所持の田畑を荒らしたままにしておく類があると聞いており、不埒至極である。今後は、持高・人別の割合で何人まで奉公に出ても、残りの人数で耕作はもちろん村方に差し支えがないかどうか、御役人どもが調べて、真にやむを得ない事情があって奉公に出たい旨を申し出る者がある場合は、右の割合の人数までは村役人どもが承認し、年季を限って奉公に出るようにすること。もし村方への差し支えも顧みず奉公に出て田畑を荒らすなどのことがあれば、当人はもちろん村役人ともに落ち度とする。
右のとおり、御料は御代官、私領は領主・地頭より触れ渡すべきこと。酉五月 右のとおり触れるべきこと。
○諸大名の乗り物・鞍覆い・茶弁当・爪折傘・騎馬の供、ならびに供槍・供馬、および連れ立つ徒侍の人数、その他供廻りの行列の間を詰めて並べるようにとのことについて、供の者の交代などについても、先ごろ追々触れがあったところ、今もって渋っているとのことが聞こえる。いよいよ先ごろ触れたとおり守り、追々願い等が済んだ分については、その際に達したとおりに心得て、これ以後は勝手に乱れないよう、厳しく守るべきこと。右のとおり触れるべきこと。七月
▲○強訴・徒党・逃散は以前から御法度であるところ、遠国の百姓どもが分別もなく理の立たない願いを企てて強訴し、あるいは徒党を組んで遺恨ある者の家居を打ち壊す類があり、そのたびに処罰を行ってきた。去る巳年にも飛騨国の者どもが土地の改めに難渋して江戸へ越訴し、吟味中に国元の社地に大勢集まって御代官陣屋へ強訴し狼藉に及んだため、厳しく吟味の上、頭取のうち大胆な働きをした者四人は磔、十二人は獄門、一人は死罪、差し続いた者十三人は遠島、それより以下は品々に処罰を申し付け、取り鎮めた者には白銀を下賜し、その者一代限りで帯刀を永く苗字をお許しになり、その他徒党・強訴に加わらなかった者どもには一々ご褒美・お誉めがあった。ところが当春、信濃国高井・水内両郡の百姓どもが御年貢の期限のことを申し立てて騒ぎ立て、吟味の上、今般頭取の者二人は獄門、差し続いた者六人は遠島、それ以下は追放などの処罰が済み、抑え押さえて加わらなかった者どもへは右と同様のご褒美・お誉めがあった。飛騨と信濃は隣国であり、知らないはずはないのに、何か悪事をしたからのことと（軽く見て）のみ思っていた……
英語訳
**[Continued from Meiwa 4, Year of the Boar]**
One: If a person dies along the road, do not send the body to the next village; instead, report to the governing office, have the body temporarily buried at that location, and after contacting the deceased's home village, relatives, and village officials, allow burial at that location or return of the remains to the home village, as the wishes of the relevant parties dictate. Furthermore, for itinerant priests and pilgrims traveling the provinces who carry documents on their person, regardless of in which province they die, they are to be buried at that location. If reliable documentation from their home temple, ecclesiastical contact (*furegashira*), local temple, or relatives exists, report to the governing office; it is not necessary to send the remains back to the home village—they may be kept and buried at the location of death. Of course, the same handling applies to those found already dead as vagrants from the outset.
All parties should understand the above; if anyone fails to provide medical care or secretly sends bodies along without following procedure, they shall be strictly punished.
One: All miscellaneous expenses of the above types shall, as communicated to the Five Highways in Kyōhō 20 (1735), be borne by lodging-allocation or village-allocation unless the sick person's home village makes a contribution. This rule is to be observed.
Twelfth month of the Year of the Boar. The above is to be duly promulgated.
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**Meiwa 5, Year of the Rat (1768)**
● ○ Proclamation issued that Tokugawa Uemon-no-kami shall henceforth be referred to as "Tayasu Chūnagon-dono." Fifth month.
● ○ Proclamation that five-monme silver coins with a weight variation of up to four *bu* lighter or heavier shall be accepted in circulation without issue.
One: Proclamation that when money changers dealing in five-monme silver coins gather in large numbers and face difficulties with cash flow, they are to bring the silver to the treasury (*o-kinzō*) and exchange it for gold coin. Seventh month.
▲ ○ Regarding all shrines and temples, whether for religious ceremonies, Buddhist rites, *kaichō* (public exhibition of sacred objects), or ordinary occasions: henceforth, items bearing the hollyhock (*aoi*) crest of the Tokugawa are not to be casually donated even by ladies of the inner chambers. Starting with the Three Tokugawa Branch Houses (*gosanke*) and other daimyo, donations are acceptable for their family temples (*bodaiji*) but should not be made to other establishments. Previously donated items should be reported to the *jisha bugyō* (Commissioner of Temples and Shrines) and handled according to instructions. Other donated items are to be kept as treasured objects (*jūmotsu*) and should not be used—not in ordinary times and not during religious ceremonies, Buddhist rites, or *kaichō*. However, using such crested items—such as trays, dining sets, etc.—for memorial services (*hōyō*) at temples where memorial tablets of persons permitted to use the hollyhock crest exist is permissible. The *jisha bugyō* will notify temples and shrines directly; for those in shogunal (*goryō*), private (*shiryō*), or temple-shrine (*jisha*) domains, the daikan, domain lord, or *jitō* shall issue the notifications accordingly.
Seventh month. The above is to be duly promulgated.
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**An'ei 3, Year of the Horse (1774)**
▲ ○ In recent years, *komusō* (wandering Zen priests who play the shakuhachi flute) have been coming to villages under the guise of religious practice, making unreasonable demands of farmers, asking village officials to arrange lodgings, then complaining that the lodgings provided are too poor, and beating those present with their shakuhachi flutes, causing injuries. This is thoroughly outrageous. When a *komusō* is engaged in religious practice, it is proper for him to receive offerings according to the goodwill of villagers, and after nightfall, to arrange lodging by mutual agreement. Henceforth, any *komusō* committing even the slightest unlawful act shall be arrested by the village and brought promptly to the *daikan* or the entrusted administrative office (*o-azukari yakunsho*) in shogunal lands, or to the domain lord's or *jitō*'s office in private domains. Any village that fails to comply shall be held responsible.
The above is to be communicated without exception to all shogunal, private, and temple-shrine domains. Villages are to make copies and post them at the high-notice boards (*kōsatsu-ba*) at village entrances or in front of village officials' residences.
First month. The above is to be duly promulgated.
▲ ○ The construction of a gate (*kido*) to collect admission fees (*kido-sen*) at sumo matches is a practice restricted to those whose livelihood is sumo wrestling. However, it has been heard that in various provinces, with permission from the *daikan* in shogunal lands or from the domain lord or *jitō* in private domains, amateur groups are holding sumo gatherings, including on occasions of Shinto festivals, citing this as a long-standing auspicious custom (*karei*) done to attract crowds of spectators. While constructing enclosures for such events may be acceptable, the practice of building gates and collecting admission fees is henceforth to be prohibited. When it comes to professional sumo (*kanjin-zumo*) performances, arranging these in consultation with professional sumo wrestlers is a separate matter entirely. This should be understood, and care should be taken that rural residents do not err in their understanding.
The above is to be communicated to all relevant parties. Tenth month of the Year of the Snake.
● ○ Proclamation regarding punishment and investigation of those who forge gold and silver currency. Second month.
● ○ Proclamation that since the two-*shu* gold coins have not yet circulated in Kyoto and Osaka, they are to be sent up to Osaka for circulation there. Seventh month.
▲ ○ In recent years, people calling themselves *rōnin* (masterless samurai) have been going to the homes of farmers in villages, accepting small amounts of charity and then hurling insults, or requesting lodgings and claiming illness, staying four or five days, during which time they make various unreasonable demands and extort more charity money. This is reprehensible in the extreme. Henceforth, when such persons appear, have the local *eta* or *hinin* (outcaste groups) apprehend them; in the Kantō Eight Provinces, Izu Province, and Kai Province, bring them to the *Kōjigata Okanjōsho* (judicial division of the Finance Magistrate's Office); in other provinces, bring them to the *daikan* in shogunal lands or to the domain lord or *jitō* in private domains. Regardless of what they may say, absolutely do not allow them lodging; and do not give even a single coin in charity to those bearing surnames (*myōji*) and swords (*taitō*).
One: Traveling monks, *shugen-ja* (mountain ascetics), *gozé* (blind female musicians), *zatō* (blind male musicians), and beggars should receive offerings according to the goodwill of villagers and arrange lodgings by mutual agreement. However, in recent years it is broadly heard that some among them have been forcing their way into lodgings or making importunate demands. This too is thoroughly outrageous. Henceforth, those engaging in such unlawful behavior shall be arrested and brought in as stated in the preceding article. Any village failing to comply shall be held responsible.
The above is to be communicated without exception to all shogunal, private, and temple-shrine domains; villages are to make copies and post them at high-notice boards at village entrances or in front of village officials' residences.
Tenth month. The above is to be duly promulgated.
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**An'ei 6, Year of the Rooster (1777)**
▲ ○ In recent years it has been heard that residents of rural villages are neglecting their farming, and instead citing poverty, many are going out into service (*hōkō*), leaving their fields to go to waste—this is utterly outrageous. Henceforth, based on the ratio of the amount of land held per registered household member (*mochidaka ninbetsu wariai*), officials are to investigate whether, if up to a certain number of people go into service, the remaining population is sufficient to maintain both farming and village operations without difficulty. If there are those with genuinely compelling reasons who wish to go into service, village officials may approve them up to the calculated number, allowing them to enter service for a fixed term. If anyone goes into service without regard for the village's needs and allows fields to go to waste, both the individual and the village officials shall be held responsible.
The above to be promulgated by *daikan* in shogunal lands and by domain lords and *jitō* in private domains. Fifth month of the Year of the Rooster. The above is to be duly promulgated.
○ Regarding the palanquins, saddle covers, tea-and-lunchbox bearers, folding-brim umbrellas, mounted attendants, spear-bearers, led horses, accompanying foot soldiers (*kachi-samurai*), and all other attendants of daimyo processions—specifically, the matter of ordering these to be arranged in closer formation—as well as the matter of rotation of attendants: although repeated notifications have been issued in the recent past, it is heard that compliance is still being resisted. The earlier notifications are to be strictly adhered to; for those whose petitions have already been approved, the matter is to be understood as previously communicated, and from now on, no further disorder shall be permitted. The above is to be duly promulgated. Seventh month.
▲ ○ Forcible group petitions (*gōso*), factionalism (*totō*), and mass desertion (*chōsan*) have been prohibited from of old. Yet ignorant farmers in remote provinces have been organizing unlawful petitions, resorting to *gōso*, or forming factions to destroy the homes of those against whom they bear grudges—and have been punished each time. In the past Year of the Snake, residents of Hida Province caused trouble over a land survey, appealed (*etchū*) to Edo, and while under investigation, a large crowd gathered at a shrine site in their home province and committed acts of violence (*rōzeki*) against the *daikan*'s residence. Following a strict investigation, among the ringleaders: four who had acted with particular boldness were sentenced to crucifixion (*haritsuke*); twelve were sentenced to exposure of the severed head (*gokumon*); one was sentenced to death (*shizai*); thirteen who had followed along were sentenced to distant exile (*en'tō*); those below were given various punishments; those who helped suppress the disturbance were granted silver, permitted to bear swords and surnames for the duration of their lives; and those who had not joined the faction or the *gōso* were individually praised and rewarded. Nevertheless, in the current spring, farmers in Takai and Minochi districts of Shinano Province raised a disturbance over the timing of tax payments, and following investigation, two ringleaders were sentenced to exposure of the severed head (*gokumon*), six who followed along were sentenced to distant exile, and those below received punishments including banishment; those who restrained and did not join received similar rewards and praise. Hida and Shinano are neighboring provinces, so they cannot claim ignorance. The people apparently believed that those punished must simply have done something wrong…