英語訳
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That verse is the text where Maitreya directly transmitted the principle of the Middle Way to Asaṅga and others. Therefore it is the expressible gate, not the beyond-expression gate. The beyond-expression gate directly points to inner realization and is not a gate of teaching the dharma to sentient beings. However, within this verse there is secret revelation of the meaning of the beyond-expression gate. This has profound origins and should receive oral transmission. Question: The discussion that the mutual opposition of the three natures is still the Middle Way discourse of one dharma is not yet clear. Please establish this in detail.
Answer: The three self-natures of imaginatively constructed and so forth are originally the three self-natures of one dharma. That is, provisionally examining the self-nature within one particle of form: what dharma is the self-nature of this particle? Since it is dependently arisen, it is illusory and provisional like a magical creation. It is not real existence, nor is it complete non-existence. However, foolish beings have confused false emotions and grasp either real existence or complete non-existence. The characteristics grasped by this false emotion are one self-nature within this particle of false emotion. However, that dharma-essence is produced by multiple conditions. Although it lacks natural existence, dependent arising is not empty. This is also one self-nature of this particle. Within these dependently arisen dharmas, there is definitely a wondrous principle that is far removed from all false attachments and the characteristics of one-sided existence and one-sided emptiness. This principle is true reality and not false delusion. This is also one self-nature of this particle. Thus within one form-particle, there are these three levels of false, provisional, and true natures. These three levels are all this form-dharma and not separate dharmas. Therefore, although called three, they are also precisely one essence. This is made the self-nature of one particle of form. All dharmas are thus. How is this not the Middle Way meaning of that one dharma? Therefore one should say: in our school, all dharmas are truly real and permanently abiding, provisionally appearing like birth and death. Real birth and death exist, but their essential nature is completely non-existent. How can this true, provisional, and non-existent be mutually separated? Therefore they are originally one essence.
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The Principle of Consciousness-Only
Question: Among the various dharma-gates clarified above, what dharma do they return to? Answer: If returning to the conditioned as primary, everything is consciousness-only. If returning to the unconditioned as primary, everything is suchness. If returning to discrimination as primary, everything is prajñā. Question: Among these three gates, which doctrinal gate is most essential? Also, regarding consciousness-only, among the two types of defiled and pure consciousness, which consciousness does it return to? Answer: Among these three gates, consciousness-only is supreme. If one enters this gate, one possesses everything. Also, consciousness-only fundamentally returns to defiled consciousness. Why? If one knows that all dharmas arise from one's own mind, the awakening that all dharmas are like dreams suddenly appears before one. If one already knows they are like dreams, real self and real dharmas are quickly eliminated. Those real self and real dharmas are all false attachments of diminishment and augmentation, existence and non-existence, unity and difference, etc. When all such false attachments are stopped, non-discriminating wisdom suddenly arises and mysteriously merges with the principle of the one true dharma-realm. This self-mind is precisely one's false mind, which is defiled consciousness. That non-discriminating wisdom is the ultimate of discrimination, precisely contemplative prajñā. That one true dharma-realm is precisely the suchness of all dharmas. Therefore, those who can know that myriad dharmas arise from their own mind naturally return to prajñā and also return to suchness. How is this not most essential? Pure consciousness cannot yet be activated by foolish beings, and the false objects of the three realms also do not arise from this. Conversely, all the realms that appear to consciousness through beginningless delusion are all like dream-objects. When wanting to know the meaning that should not be grasped, one contemplates that one's false mind gives rise to all dharmas and gains entry into the ultimate principle that abandons verbal expression. Therefore the beginningless false mind suddenly transforms, quickly realizes birthlessness, and enters the stage of great awakening. Is it not like
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consciousness-only contemplation? Question: If so, how does one come to know that all dharmas arise from one's own mind? Answer: Although the meanings are immeasurable, taking the essential there are two: first, the principle of perfuming; second, the principle of transformation. The principle of perfuming is that each conditioned real dharma has seeds that can produce it. Those seeds are all perfumed by one's own mind. That is, the essence of the self-witnessing aspect can perfume, and the functions of the two aspects of object and cognition can perfume. The cognitive aspect can perfume cognizable seeds, and the objective aspect can perfume cognized seeds. Those cognized seeds fall into cognized objects, and the seeds of the myriad different dharmas of form and mind are all perfumed. That is, when cognizing form, form-seeds are perfumed; when cognizing mind, mind-seeds are perfumed. The various differences within form and the various distinctions within mind—cognizing each dharma perfumes the seeds of that dharma. Such perfuming all arises from the power of discrimination of one's own mind's self-essence. How are the various dharmas produced by these seeds not arising from one's own mind? The principle of transformation is that the self-essence aspect already transforms to become object and cognition. That meaning is as above. All cognitive dharmas necessarily have something they cognize and understand. What they cognize and understand are precisely all dharmas according to their correspondence. If cognitive awareness definitely carries cognized objects, how could cognitive dharmas lack the power of transformation? This principle is certain. Therefore the power of one's own mind's self-essence can transform and manifest to create various object-realms. Through the above two principles, one can believe in the meaning of mind-only without external objects. Question: Mind transforming to become objects is still not clear. How does one know this is definitely so? Answer: For example, when closing one's eyes and contemplating blue, yellow and other colors, that thought of blue and so forth immediately transforms to become the characteristics of blue and so forth, appearing before the mind. That meaning is inevitable. What is perceived by present consciousness, although it is the characteristics of imaginatively constructed nature, what
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appears to consciousness necessarily arises by appearing from within the mind, so one infers appearance within mind from appearance to consciousness. That thought of blue and so forth, although it is the cognitive aspect, because the cognitive aspect necessarily arises from self-essence, one infers the transformation of essence from the function of the cognitive aspect. Through this one can analogically know everything. Therefore when opening the eyes and seeing blue and so forth, the characteristics of blue and so forth that float up in the mind are undoubtedly all one's own mind's thoughts transforming to create those objects. That fundamental object is simply the distant condition that gives rise to the present cognitive thought. When the mind relies on this condition to think blue and so forth, that mind's self-essence immediately transforms to become blue and so forth characteristics appearing before the mind. What appears within that mind is the direct object of cognition. This direct object-condition is precisely the objective aspect. Although that fundamental object is not transformed by the present cognitive mind, it is the intimate objective aspect appearing within the mind through the eighth consciousness's self-essence transformation. It also appears like a dream before the eighth consciousness. That eighth consciousness is also the foundation of present contemplation of mind, existing together within one's own single mind. How could its transformed characteristics exist outside one's own mind? Therefore all object-realms are transformed by one's own mind. Question: Now through the principles of perfuming and transformation, although knowing that all dharmas are created by mind, based on this the meaning that myriad dharmas are like dreams is still not believed and understood. Answer: A knight in a dream for sixty-five years—although long, it is only one night's false thinking. Arising only from one's own mind's discrimination, it transforms and manifests various realms of suffering and pleasure, immediately self-manifesting and causing oneself to grasp them. Sometimes considering receiving suffering, sometimes considering receiving pleasure, sometimes considering dying here, sometimes considering being born there, sometimes considering one-sided existence, sometimes considering one-sided non-existence, sometimes considering it definitely both existent and non-existent, sometimes considering it definitely neither existent nor non-existent. Such false attachments, such characteristics—when awakened from that dream, all cease to appear. There is only provisional and inconceivable conditions. This present