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地震年代記 - 翻刻

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翻刻

かまくら御所(ごしょ)の西(にし)侍(さむらひ)の上(うへ)に集(あつま)る未尅(ひつじのこく)地震(ぢしん)廿二日|武将(ぶしやう)|占(うらなは)せ|玉(たま)ふに |重変(おもきへん)のよし申により|相模守(さがみのかみ)の|家(いへ)に入たまふ九月六日|丑刻(うしのこく)大|地震(ぢしん)八日 |寅刻(とらのこく)又大に震ふ十一日|寅刻(とらのこく)同前又|小動(こゆすり)あり十三日十四日十六日もゆる 十七日三度ゆる廿一日|御祈(おんいの)り三万六千の|神祭(じんさい)は|親職地震祭(ちかもとぢしんまつ)りは |宣賢奉行(のぶかたぶぎやう)す《箱:四條(してう)天皇》《箱:文暦》二年四月十三日|午尅(うまのこく)同廿八日|未尅(ひつじのこく)廿九日 同尅(どうこく)地震八日 |御祈祷徳政(ごきたうとくせい)の御沙汰(ごさた)あり《箱:仁治》二年二月七日 巳(み)の刻(こく) 大地震 古老(こらう)のいはくさんぬる建暦年中(けんりやくねんぢう)今(いま)の如(ごと)き大ゆすりあり 《割書:建保元年|をさして云》すなはちこれ和田(わだ)左衛門|尉(ぜう)義盛(よしもり)叛逆(ほんぎやく)の兆(てう)やと《割書:云|云》同日|午時(うまのとき) 子尅(ねのこく)と両度(りやうど)小ゆすりあり八日|巳尅(みのこく)又ゆる昨今(さくこん)動揺(ゆるぎ)五ヶ度《割書:以|上》《箱:吾妻鏡》 《箱:後深草(ごふかくさ)天皇》《箱:建長》六年閏五月十一日十九日 大地震(おほちしん)《箱:皇年代略記》《箱:正嘉》元年 八月廿三日 鎌倉(かまくら)大地震 音(おと)あり《ルビ:神社佛閣|じんじやふつかく》一宇(いちう)も全(まつた)からず山(やま)くづれ 屋(いへ)倒(たふ)れ築垣(つひぢ)悉(こと〳〵く) 損(そん)じ地裂(ちさけ)水 湧出(わきいづ)る中にも下馬橋(げばはし)辺(へん)地裂たるなか より青色(あをきいろ)の火炎(くはえん)もえ出ると云云(うん〳〵)九月四日 小雨(こさめ)ふり申尅(さるのこく)地震する 去月大ゆりの後(のち)けふにいたりてやまず《箱:伏見(ふしみ)天皇》《箱:永仁》元年四月十三日 寅尅(とらのこく)大地震 山頽(やまくづれ)家顛(いへくつがへ)り死るもの其数(そのかず)をしらず鎌倉(かまくら)大悲寺(だいひし) の丈六 堂(どう)をはじめつぶれ埋(うづま)り寿福寺(しゆふくじ)円覚寺(えんがくじ)倒(たふ)れてやけぬ所々の 顛倒(てんどう)かぞへがたし死人二万千廿四人《箱:北條記》《箱:後伏見(ごふしみ)天皇》《箱:正安》元年四月廿五日 大地震 《ルビ:摂津国’|せつヽのくに》四天王寺(してんわうじ)金堂(こんどう)くつがへり洛東(らくとう)南禅寺(なんぜんじ)の堂(どう)倒(たふ)る 五畿内(ごきない)死人一万|余(よ)《箱:本朝年代記》《箱:花園(はなその)天皇》《箱:文保》元年正月 以後(いご)京都 連〻(れん〳〵)大地震(おほぢしん)東寺(とうじ)の塔(たふ)振落(ふりおと)す清水寺(せいすいじ)炎上(ゑんじやう)し田村将軍(たむらしやうくん)の御影(みゑい) もやけうせぬ《箱:北条記》《箱:後醍醐(ごだいこ)天皇》《箱:正中》元年十一月 大地震(おほぢしん)近江(あふみ)の竹生(ちくぶ) 島(しま)くづれ半(なかば)は湖(みづうみ)に入(い)る《箱:本朝年代記》元弘元年七月三日大地しん

現代語訳

鎌倉御所の西侍(にしさむらい)の上に(雲が)集まった未の刻(午後2時頃)、地震あり。22日、武将が占いをさせたところ、重大な変事があるとのことであったので、相模守の家に入られた。9月6日、丑の刻(午前2時頃)大地震。8日、寅の刻(午前4時頃)また大いに揺れる。11日、寅の刻同じく揺れ、また小揺れあり。13日・14日・16日も揺れる。17日は三度揺れる。21日、御祈り三万六千の神を祭る。親職が地震祭りを、宣賢が奉行を務めた。 【四條天皇・文暦】二年(1235年)四月十三日、午の刻(正午頃)地震。同二十八日、未の刻(午後2時頃)地震。二十九日、同刻地震。八日、御祈祷・徳政の御沙汰あり。 【仁治】二年(1241年)二月七日、巳の刻(午前10時頃)大地震。古老が言うには、かつての建暦年中(1211〜1213年)に今のような大揺れがあり、【建保元年(1213年)を指して言う】すなわちこれは和田左衛門尉義盛の叛逆の前兆であったろうか、と(言った)。同日、午の時・子の刻と、二度小揺れあり。八日、巳の刻また揺れる。昨日今日の動揺、五度に及ぶ。【以上、吾妻鏡より】 【後深草天皇・建長】六年(1254年)閏五月十一日・十九日、大地震。【皇年代略記より】 【正嘉】元年(1257年)八月二十三日、鎌倉大地震。音あり。神社仏閣(じんじゃぶっかく)一宇(いちう)も無事なものなく、山崩れ、家倒れ、築地・垣根(ついじかき)ことごとく損じ、地が裂け水が湧き出る。中でも下馬橋(げばばし)付近で地が裂けた中から、青い色の火炎が燃え出たという。九月四日、小雨が降り申の刻(午後4時頃)地震する。先月の大揺れの後、今日に至るまで(揺れが)止まず。 【伏見天皇・永仁】元年(1293年)四月十三日、寅の刻(午前4時頃)大地震。山崩れ、家が倒れ、死者の数は知れず。鎌倉大悲寺の丈六堂をはじめ、(多くの建物が)潰れ埋もれ、寿福寺・円覚寺は倒れて焼けた。各地の倒壊は数えがたい。死者二万千二十四人。【北條記より】 【後伏見天皇・正安】元年(1299年)四月二十五日、大地震。摂津国(せっつのくに)四天王寺の金堂が倒れ、洛東の南禅寺の堂が倒れる。五畿内の死者一万余人。【本朝年代記より】 【花園天皇・文保】元年(1317年)正月以後、京都で連々と大地震。東寺の塔が振り落とされ、清水寺が炎上し、田村将軍(坂上田村麻呂)の御影(みえい)も焼け失せた。【北条記より】 【後醍醐天皇・正中】元年(1324年)十一月、大地震。近江の竹生島が崩れ、半ばは湖(びわ湖)に沈んだ。【本朝年代記より】 元弘元年(1331年)七月三日、大地震。

英語訳

During the Hour of the Sheep (approximately 2 PM), clouds gathered above the West Samurai Hall of the Kamakura Palace, and an earthquake occurred. On the 22nd, a military commander had a divination performed, and as the result indicated a grave event, he entered the residence of the Governor of Sagami. On the 6th day of the 9th month, during the Hour of the Ox (approximately 2 AM), a great earthquake struck. On the 8th, during the Hour of the Tiger (approximately 4 AM), another great tremor occurred. On the 11th, during the Hour of the Tiger, another tremor, along with a smaller one. Tremors also occurred on the 13th, 14th, and 16th. On the 17th, three tremors occurred. On the 21st, prayers were offered to 36,000 deities. Chikamoto presided over the earthquake ritual, and Nobusane served as the administrator. **[Emperor Shijō / Bunryaku]** Second year (1235), 13th day of the 4th month: earthquake during the Hour of the Horse (approximately noon). 28th day of the same month: earthquake during the Hour of the Sheep (approximately 2 PM). 29th day: earthquake at the same hour. On the 8th day, prayers were offered and a decree regarding benevolent governance (tokusei) was issued. **[Ninji]** Second year (1241), 7th day of the 2nd month: great earthquake during the Hour of the Snake (approximately 10 AM). According to an elder, a similarly great earthquake had occurred during the Kenryaku era (1211–1213). **[Referring specifically to Kenpō 1st year (1213)]** He wondered aloud whether it might have been an omen of the rebellion of Wada Saemon-no-jō Yoshimori. On the same day, two smaller tremors occurred during the Hour of the Horse and the Hour of the Rat. On the 8th, another tremor during the Hour of the Snake. Between yesterday and today, five tremors in total. **[The above is from the Azuma Kagami.]** **[Emperor Gofukakusa / Kenchō]** Sixth year (1254), intercalary 5th month, 11th and 19th days: great earthquakes. **[From the Kō Nendai Ryakki.]** **[Shōka]** First year (1257), 23rd day of the 8th month: great earthquake in Kamakura. A loud sound accompanied it. Not a single shrine or temple was left intact; mountains collapsed, houses fell, earthen walls and fences were entirely damaged, the earth cracked and water gushed out. Notably, near the Geba Bridge, blue flames were said to have burst forth from the cracks in the ground. On the 4th day of the 9th month, light rain fell and an earthquake occurred during the Hour of the Monkey (approximately 4 PM). Since the great earthquake of last month, the tremors had not ceased until this day. **[Emperor Fushimi / Einin]** First year (1293), 13th day of the 4th month: great earthquake during the Hour of the Tiger (approximately 4 AM). Mountains collapsed, houses were overturned, and the number of deaths was beyond counting. Beginning with the sixteen-foot Buddha hall of Daihi-ji Temple in Kamakura, many buildings were crushed and buried; Jufuku-ji and Engaku-ji temples collapsed and burned. The devastation across various locations was too great to enumerate. The death toll was 21,024. **[From the Hōjō-ki.]** **[Emperor Gofushimi / Shōan]** First year (1299), 25th day of the 4th month: great earthquake. The Golden Hall of Shitennō-ji Temple in Settsu Province collapsed, and the hall of Nanzen-ji Temple in eastern Kyoto also fell. Over ten thousand people died in the Kinai region (the five home provinces). **[From the Honchō Nendaiki.]** **[Emperor Hanazono / Bunpō]** First year (1317), from the 1st month onward: successive great earthquakes in Kyoto. The pagoda of Tō-ji Temple was shaken down; Kiyomizu-dera Temple went up in flames, and even the portrait of General Tamura (Sakanoue no Tamuramaro) was consumed by fire. **[From the Hōjō-ki.]** **[Emperor Godaigo / Shōchū]** First year (1324), 11th month: great earthquake. Chikubu Island in Lake Ōmi (Lake Biwa) partly collapsed and sank into the lake. **[From the Honchō Nendaiki.]** Genkō First year (1331), 3rd day of the 7th month: great earthquake.