翻刻
【右丁】
時常青花黄緑色中間瓣上有_二細紫点_一春芳
者為_二春蘭_一色深秋芳者為_二秋蘭_一色淡開時満
室盡香與_二他花香_一又別時珍曰蘭花亦生_二山
中_一與_二 三蘭_一《割書:蘭草澤蘭|山蘭》逈別蘭花生_二近処_一者葉如_二
麥門冬_一而春花生_二福建_一者葉如_二菅茅_一而秋花
黄山谷所謂一幹一花為_レ蘭一幹数花為_レ蕙
者蓋因_三不_レ識_二蘭草蕙草_一遂以_二蘭花_一強生_二分別_一
也
花史左編云蘭花紫梗青花者為_レ 上青梗青
花葉次_レ之紫梗紫花者又次_レ之餘不_レ入_レ品建
蘭莖葉肥大翠勁可_レ愛
学圃餘疏云建蘭盛_二於五月_一畏_レ風畏_レ寒畏_レ鼠
畏_レ蚓畏_レ蟻其根甜為_レ蟻所_レ逐養者常以_二水奩_一
隔不_レ令_レ得_レ入
爾雅翼云株穢除今蘭芷覩以_三其生_二深林之
下_一似_レ慎_レ独也故称_二幽蘭_一
三才圖會云蘭一名玉整花剱脊細長花紫
者乃是福建真品
漳州府志云蘭葉似_二菖蒲_一花作_二浅黄色_一花心
有_二細紫点_一葉繊潤而色澹花発稍短姿清而
【左丁】
芳気酷烈者俗名_二玉節_一即蘭也
物理小識云今貴_二建蘭_一 一幹九花以_二葉直起
者_一為_レ 上其斜披者章#1蘭也
広東新語云青蘭葉長二尺小而直其花青
碧以_二白幹者_一為_レ 上青幹紫幹次_レ之又云草蘭
以_二短葉白幹者_一為_レ 上其肥喜食_二霜雪_一不_レ資_二灌
穢_一有_二雙花単花之別#2
通雅云譜曰夏蘭葉細而長秋蘭葉大而澤
冬蘭葉差大葉皆不_二冬凋_一夏秋冬蘭皆一幹
十数花
現代語訳
【右丁】
時に常に青く、花は黄緑色で、中間の花弁上に細かい紫の点がある。春に芳香を放つ
者を「春蘭」といい、色は深い。秋に芳香を放つ者を「秋蘭」といい、色は淡い。開花時には室内
全体に香りが満ち、他の花の香りとはまた別である。時珍が言うには「蘭花もまた山
中に生じ、三蘭《蘭草・沢蘭・山蘭》とは遙かに別である。蘭花で近い場所に生ずる
者の葉は麦門冬のようで春に花をつけ、福建に生ずる者の葉は菅茅のようで秋に花をつける。
黄山谷のいわゆる『一幹一花を蘭とし、一幹数花を蕙とする』
というのは、蓋し蘭草・蕙草を識らないため、遂に蘭花で強いて分別を生じたのである。
花史左編に云う『蘭花は紫梗青花の者を上とし、青梗青
花の葉はこれに次ぎ、紫梗紫花の者はまたこれに次ぐ。余は品に入らない。建
蘭は茎葉が肥大で翠く勁く愛すべきである』
学圃余疏に云う『建蘭は五月に盛んになり、風を畏れ、寒さを畏れ、鼠を
畏れ、蚯蚓を畏れ、蟻を畏れる。その根は甜く蟻に逐われるため、養う者は常に水盤で
隔てて入れないようにする』
爾雅翼に云う『株穢を除き、今蘭芷を覩るに、その深林の
下に生ずるをもって、慎独に似る。故に幽蘭と称する』
三才図会に云う『蘭は一名玉整、花は剣脊で細長く、花が紫の
者こそが福建の真品である』
漳州府志に云う『蘭の葉は菖蒲に似て、花は浅黄色をなし、花心に
細かい紫の点がある。葉は繊細で潤い、色は淡く、花発はやや短く、姿は清らかで
【左丁】
芳気が酷烈な者を俗に「玉節」と名づける。即ち蘭である』
物理小識に云う『今は建蘭を貴び、一幹九花で、葉が直立する
者を上とする。その斜めに披く者は章蘭である』
広東新語に云う『青蘭の葉は長さ二尺、小さくして直立し、その花は青
碧で、白幹の者を上とし、青幹・紫幹はこれに次ぐ。また云う、草蘭は
短葉白幹の者を上とする。その肥えたものは霜雪を食うことを喜び、灌
漑や糞尿を必要とせず、双花・単花の別がある』
通雅に云う『譜に曰く、夏蘭は葉が細くて長く、秋蘭は葉が大きくて艶があり、
冬蘭は葉がやや大きい。葉は皆冬に凋まない。夏秋冬蘭は皆一幹に
十数花をつける』
英語訳
【Right Page】
Always green in season, with yellow-green flowers having fine purple spots on the middle petals. Those that are fragrant in spring are called "spring orchids" with deep color. Those fragrant in autumn are called "autumn orchids" with light color. When blooming, the entire room fills with fragrance, which is distinct from other flower fragrances. Shizhen said: "Orchid flowers also grow in the mountains and are quite different from the three orchids" 《orchid grass, marsh orchid, mountain orchid》. "Orchid flowers growing in nearby places have leaves like Ophiopogon and bloom in spring, while those growing in Fujian have leaves like Themeda and bloom in autumn. Huang Shangu's so-called 'one stem one flower makes an orchid, one stem several flowers makes a hui' is because he did not recognize orchid grass and hui grass, and thus forcibly created distinctions with orchid flowers."
The Flower History Left Volume states: "Among orchid flowers, those with purple stems and blue flowers are supreme, those with blue stems and blue flowers and leaves are next, and those with purple stems and purple flowers are next after that. The rest do not qualify as varieties. Fujian orchids have thick stems and leaves that are verdant, strong, and lovely."
The Garden Studies Remaining Notes states: "Fujian orchids flourish in the fifth month. They fear wind, cold, mice, earthworms, and ants. Their roots are sweet and pursued by ants, so cultivators always use water dishes to separate and prevent them from entering."
The Erya Yi states: "Removing the foul weeds, now observing orchids and angelica, because they grow under deep forests, they seem to practice solitary prudence. Hence they are called secluded orchids."
The Sancai Tuhui states: "Orchids are also called jade arrangement, with sword-ridge flowers that are slender and long. Those with purple flowers are the true varieties from Fujian."
The Zhangzhou Prefecture Records state: "Orchid leaves resemble sweet flag, flowers are pale yellow in color, with fine purple spots in the flower center. The leaves are delicate, moist, and light in color, the flowers are somewhat short in stature, with clear appearance and
【Left Page】
intense fragrance, commonly called 'jade joints' - these are orchids."
The Small Knowledge of Natural Philosophy states: "Now Fujian orchids are prized, with one stem bearing nine flowers. Those with upright leaves are considered supreme. Those with obliquely spreading leaves are Zhang orchids."
The Guangdong New Language states: "Blue orchids have leaves two feet long, small and upright, with blue-green flowers. Those with white stems are supreme, while those with blue or purple stems are next. It also states that among grass orchids, those with short leaves and white stems are supreme. The robust ones enjoy eating frost and snow, do not require irrigation or fertilizer, and have distinctions between double and single flowers."
The Tongya states: "The manual says summer orchids have thin, long leaves, autumn orchids have large, glossy leaves, and winter orchids have somewhat large leaves. All leaves do not wither in winter. Summer, autumn, and winter orchids all have ten or more flowers on one stem."