翻刻
【印：写生斎】
禽類漢種和品亦異国之産蛮種￣ノ者有￣テ＿レ多舶＿二-来￣スル此￣ノ
地￣ニ＿一者僅￣ニ不＿レ過覧￣ルヲ＿一#2-以其全形￣ノ親￣キナルヲ＿一雖￣モ＿レ摸＿レ之￣ヲ未周廻￣セサル者亦
後￣ニ不＿レ尠亦有￣レハ＿二手￣ニ獲￣ヱタル者＿一倣￣フ＿二俗間￣ノ伝習赭鞭家￣ノ説￣ニ＿一已
天保十《割書：己》亥啓蟄日 毛利元寿院 【印】
凡艸木禽獣虫魚金玉土石ヲ記セシハ神農本艸ヲ始トス三百六
十五種ヲ載タリ是ヲ本経トス是ヨリ以来歴代ノ名医各諸家
ノ本草アリ名品漸￣ク備《送り仮名：ハレ》リ中華諸本草及群書￣ノ中載＿二-記￣ス禽類￣ヲ＿一
者雖＿二古来博洽之士￣ト＿一其所＿レ説各有＿二同異＿一相＿二-乱￣ル名実￣ヲ＿一者不少
師曠張華￣カ禽経アリ段成式￣カ鷹￣ノ譜アリ此外ニモ禽類￣ヲ記セシ書
多シ○禽経曰山禽之 咮（クチバシ）多￣ハ短￣シ水禽￣ノ之咮多￣ハ長￣シ山禽之尾多￣ハ脩（ナカシ）
水禽之尾多￣ハ短￣シ山禽￣ハ鵲￣ノ類水禽￣ハ鷺￣ノ類又曰鳥 食（ハ）￣ム《返り点：二》五穀￣ヲ＿一者￣ハ喙皆
短鳥善￣ク搏闘￣スル者￣ハ利觜￣アリ○山ニ住ム鳥ハ咮短ク尾長シ野ニ住ム鳥ハ艸
ニ隠ル地ニ集リ林ニ住ム鳥ハ夜不＿レ飛朝ニサエヅル水鳥ハ咮長ク尾短クシテ夜ル
鳴テ夜飛フ咮モ方（カタ）ナレハ足モ方ナリ咮 尖（スルト）ナルハ足モ尖ナリ雀ハ夕ニ肓（クラシ）#1鴟（ヨタカ）￣ハ昼
肓￣シ鵞鴨￣ハ翼アツテ不＿レ能＿二高飛￣コトヲ＿一皆鳥ハ雄大ニ羽美ニシテ猛（タケシ）只鷹ハ雄小ニ
雌大ニシテ夕ケシ○人ハ陽ニ属シ禽獣虫魚ハ陰ニ属ス陽数ハ九ニ止リ陰数ハ
十ニ止ル故ニ人ニハ尾ナク物ニハ尾アリ
梅元寿記【印】
現代語訳
【印：写生斎】
禽類には漢種（中国産）と和品（日本産）があり、また異国・蛮種のものも多く、この地に舶来するものはわずかに過ぎず、その全形を親しく観察して模写しても、まだ全てを網羅できていないものも少なくない。また手元に実物を入手したものについては、俗間に伝わる習いや、鳥を飼育・訓練する者（赭鞭家）の説に倣っている。
天保十（己）亥年 啓蟄の日 毛利元寿院 【印】
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そもそも草木・禽獣・虫魚・金玉・土石を記したものは、神農本草を始めとする。三百六十五種を載せており、これを本経とする。これ以来、歴代の名医がそれぞれ諸家の本草を著し、名品は次第に整備されてきた。中華の諸本草および群書の中で禽類を記載するものは、古来博識の学者たちによるものであっても、その説くところは各々同異があり、名称と実体が混乱しているものが少なくない。
師曠・張華の『禽経』があり、段成式の鷹の譜がある。この他にも禽類を記した書物は多い。○『禽経』にいう、「山の禽の嘴（くちばし）は多くは短く、水禽の嘴は多くは長い。山禽の尾は多くは長く、水禽の尾は多くは短い。山禽は鵲（カササギ）の類、水禽は鷺（サギ）の類。」また曰く、「五穀を食む鳥は嘴がみな短く、よく闘争する鳥は鋭い嘴を持つ。」○山に住む鳥は嘴が短く尾が長い。野に住む鳥は草に隠れ地に集まる。林に住む鳥は夜に飛ばず、朝にさえずる。水鳥は嘴が長く尾が短く、夜に鳴いて夜に飛ぶ。嘴が角張っていれば足も角張っており、嘴が尖っていれば足も尖っている。雀は夕方に目が見えなくなり（夜盲）、鵂（ヨタカ）は昼に目が見えない（昼盲）。鵞鳥・鴨は翼があっても高く飛ぶことができない。鳥は一般に雄が大きく羽が美しく勇猛であるが、ただ鷹だけは雄が小さく雌が大きく、勇猛である。○人は陽に属し、禽獣・虫魚は陰に属す。陽の数は九に止まり、陰の数は十に止まる。ゆえに人には尾がなく、動物には尾がある。
梅元寿 記 【印】
英語訳
【Seal: Shaseisai (Studio of Drawing from Life)】
Among birds, there are Chinese species (Kanshu) and Japanese varieties (Wahin), as well as those from foreign and barbarian lands. Of those that arrive at this land by ship, only a small number have been seen; even when one has been able to observe and sketch their full forms closely, there remain no small number that have not been fully documented. For those specimens obtained firsthand, I have followed the practices handed down among common people and the theories of falconers and bird-trainers (shahenbeka).
On the day of Keichitsu (First Stirring of Insects), in the 10th year of Tenpō (己亥, 1839) Mōri Motoaju-in 【Seal】
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The recording of grasses, trees, birds, beasts, insects, fish, metals, gems, soils, and stones began with Shennong Bencao (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica). It lists 365 varieties, and this is taken as the foundational classic. Since that time, renowned physicians of successive generations have each compiled their own materia medica, and the inventory of named species has gradually been enriched. Among the various Chinese materia medica and other collected writings that record birds, even among scholars of broad learning since antiquity, their explanations each contain agreements and disagreements, and there is no small number of cases where the names and actual referents are confused and contradictory.
There is the *Qin Jing* (Classic of Birds) by Shi Kuang and Zhang Hua, and there is a treatise on hawks by Duan Chengshi. Beyond these, there are many other books recording birds. ○The *Qin Jing* states: "The beaks of mountain birds are mostly short; the beaks of water birds are mostly long. The tails of mountain birds are mostly long; the tails of water birds are mostly short. Mountain birds are of the magpie (kasasagi) type; water birds are of the heron (sagi) type." It also says: "Birds that eat the five grains all have short beaks; birds that are skilled fighters have sharp beaks." ○Birds that live in the mountains have short beaks and long tails. Birds that live in the fields hide in grasses and gather on the ground. Birds that live in forests do not fly at night and sing in the morning. Water birds have long beaks and short tails, and they call and fly at night. If a beak is angular, the feet are also angular; if a beak is pointed, the feet are also pointed. Sparrows become night-blind at dusk; nightjars (yotaka) are blind in the daytime. Geese and ducks have wings but cannot fly high. In general, among birds, the males are larger, with beautiful plumage and fierce temperament—except that with hawks, the males are small, the females large, and both are fierce. ○Humans belong to the yang principle, while birds, beasts, insects, and fish belong to the yin principle. The yang number stops at nine, and the yin number stops at ten. Therefore, humans have no tail, while animals have tails.
Written by Bai Motoaju 【Seal】