安政三辰八月廿五日　大風雨出水損場所之圖 - 翻刻

翻刻

安政三辰八月廿五日大風雨出水損場所之圖

松柏（せうはく）くだけて薪（たきゞ）となり《ルビ：桑田変｜そうてんへん》じて海（うミ）となるといふまことなるかな頃ハ安政三辰の八月
数日小雨ふりつゞきしが廿五日の夜五ッ半時ごろにわかに雷鳴しついに大風雨となり
大石を崩し大木を吹ちらしかわらをおとし家根を吹破その音百万のいかづちの如
く雨ハあだかも小石を打つけるが如し諸人おそれかなしむ顔色皆死たるものゝごとし

まことに前代未聞（せんたいミもん）の大あれ也先日本橋より北ハ内神田外神田大二損し夫より

御成道筋下谷辺大二損じ上野御山内格別の事なし又坂本辺より出火して新吉

原へ飛火し遊女屋三十三軒その外残らずやける浅草観世音無事花川戸山の

宿聖天丁今戸町山川丁遊女屋仮宅大二損じ夫ゟ芝居三座其外共大

そんじ南北馬道少々そんし切見世いたむ又橋辺両千住とも大水出て人家を押流し大橋

少々いたむ竹の塀草加越ヶ谷粕かべ杉戸幸手くりはし出水にて所々家損る又浅
草東御門跡家根少々いたみ水屋つぶれるきくや橋新堀寺院共大二いたむ田原町

広小路辺遊女屋仮宅大二損じ夫より並木町通り御蔵前八まん不動つゝがなし御厩

河岸大船小舟共五そう打上る天王町ゑんま堂家根少々損じ瓦町かや丁福井丁
平右衛門丁此辺うら〳〵大二そんじる東ハ茅場丁竹嶋丁少々のそんじ九鬼様表御門長
家大崩れ八丁堀霊がん嶋此辺所々二崩れ家多し新川新堀少々いたミ永代橋大

船を打付一ヶ所ハ大二くぼミ一ヶ所ハ切れ落ち往来留る但し橋のおちたるをおしへる人あり

といへ共先へゆきし人のかへらぬゆへ渡れる事とおもひくらまぎれにわれをわすれ

おちし者あまたありといふ又永代だんごの後一弐百五十石積の大船打上る高尾茶

屋の前へ茶舟弐そう打上る箱崎田安様表長屋つぶれ浜町三河様御屋

敷少々いたミ茶舟八そう小舟三ぞう打上る辻番崩れる大川端安藤様御

上屋敷大二いたミ三百五十石積明神丸と云大船崩れともばかり打あける
高橋崩れ橋杭三本此所へ上るすべて此辺の御屋しきがた大二いたミ大橋辺
大ちや舟廿そう小舟五六そう材木角物等あまた打上る川ばたのだん
ご茶屋残らず流す大橋つゝがなし向ハ御船蔵三ヶ所こわれあたけ
三ツ井長家三の亀仮宅大二そんじる此辺所々いたみ多し又二ッ目より立川通り
亀沢丁割下水近辺吉岡丁吉田丁切見世大二そんじる亀井戸押上五百らかん
柳嶋小梅松戸この辺大水にて大二そんじる又永代橋向ハ深川佐賀丁松川丁蛤
町熊井町此辺河岸通り納屋大二崩れる仲町金沢や大野や白木や佐野づちや四軒
とも崩るその外遊女屋仮宅大二そんじる八幡社内弁天開帳小屋大江生人形小屋
こと〳〵くつぶれ八まんうら門近辺出水四尺程上る綱打場切見世三棟ともつぶれる三十三間堂
本坊大水にて材木大二流すすさき大船小舟打上る破船その数しれず仙台堀御蔵屋
敷表長家大二崩る清住丁海辺大工丁少々崩れ寺町寺院大二いたむ常盤丁切見世大二そんじ
森下丁みろく寺まへ出水にていたむ扇橋向入江丁仮宅大二そんじ砂村かさい辺大水二て人家
田畑共大二流す死人怪我人多し南ハ亀嶋丁日比谷丁いなりばし大水二て舟を打上る鉄炮洲
本湊丁舟松丁河岸通り納屋残らず崩れ十軒丁大崩れ佃嶋大損じ流家多く
あり築地濱手一ッ橋様越中様あき様御やしき大崩れ五百石積大船此所へ吹上る西御
門跡本道崩れる雲にそびへたる大御本堂のいしずへより脇へ少しも出ずてうちんをたゝみたる
如くにつぶれたるハふしぎといふもおろか也見物の男女ぐんじゆす其外寺中そんじ多し
うら門前へ大茶舟十五そう小舟廿五そう此外材木数しれず表門前へ姉ヶ崎大船
一そう打上る西昌平橋ゆしま本郷駒込白山辺大二そんじ小石川牛込市ヶ谷四ッ谷赤
坂かうし町番丁小川町丸の内御やしき方諸所そんじる日本橋中ばし京橋辺崩れ家所々
あり南八丁堀本多様表長屋崩れるあさりがし木挽丁塩留新橋小舟材木打上る久保
町愛宕下御やしき方所々いたむ西久保かハらけ町辺少々麻布龍土辺所々崩れ芝口通り所々
いたむ出火ハ片門前壱丁目ゟ神明前神明丁片側にて焼留る芝御山内つゝがなし新銭座
新網丁金杉浦大二そんじ此所へ薩摩様鉄造の大船打上るかゝる時節にも是こそよき見物なりと
見る人市をなす其外大船小舟あまた上る三田白銀二本松少々田町通り七軒茶や町高輪
大二そんじ夫ゟすさき漁師丁辺つなミ二て家流るはまかわ鈴ヶ森八幡大森羽根田大水二て大二崩る
先ハ川崎大師河原生麦神奈川程ヶ谷所々そんじ浦賀湊大船の破損数しれず金沢辺江嶋
西東共七里ヶ濱残らずつなミ二て家流れ死人けが人多し戸塚所々損じ藤沢宿西村おと
なし川より大水出て遊行様寺領百石残らず流し人多く損じる大磯なんご梅ざハ小田
原此辺まで所々損じあり向路は房州上総木更津辺津浪にて家多くそんじる也
一大船八十五艘　此内こわれ弐十　一死人　四百八十人
一《割書：五太刀｜大茶舟》六十艘此内こわれ三十　　　一怪我人数しれず
一屋根船にたり　《割書：弐百四十九そう｜此内こわれ百十一》　　　一手前建家八万九千五百軒余
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　一江戸借家六万四千四十弐軒

【圖中】
《箱：芝金杉浦》
《箱：芝神明前》
《箱：築地門跡》
《箱：永代橋》
《箱：新吉原》
《箱：下谷金杉》
　

現代語訳

# 安政三年辰の年八月二十五日　大風雨・出水による被害場所の図

「松や柏も砕けて薪となり、桑畑も変じて海となる」という言葉はまことに真実であった。時は安政三年辰の年の八月、数日間小雨が降り続いていたが、二十五日の夜、五ツ半時（午後九時頃）に突然雷が鳴り、ついに大風雨となった。大きな石を崩し、大木を吹き散らし、瓦を落とし、屋根を吹き破り、その音は百万の雷のようであった。雨はまるで小石を打ちつけるようであった。人々は恐れ悲しみ、その顔色はみな死んだ者のようであった。

まことに前代未聞の大荒れであった。まず日本橋より北は、内神田・外神田が大きく損壊した。そこから御成道筋・下谷辺りが大きく損壊し、上野の山内は特に被害がなかった。また坂本辺りから出火して新吉原へ飛び火し、遊女屋三十三軒、その他も残らず焼けた。浅草観世音（浅草寺）は無事。花川戸・山の宿・聖天町・今戸町・山川町の遊女屋仮宅が大きく損壊した。そこから芝居三座（猿若町の三座）その他が大いに損壊し、南北馬道が少々損じ、切見世が痛んだ。また橋辺・両国・千住ともに大水が出て人家を押し流し、大橋（両国橋）が少々傷んだ。竹の塀・草加・越ヶ谷・粕壁・杉戸・幸手・栗橋が出水により各所で家が損壊した。また浅草東御門跡の屋根が少々傷み、水屋が潰れた。菊屋橋・新堀の寺院が大きく傷んだ。田原町・広小路辺りの遊女屋仮宅が大きく損壊した。そこから並木町通り・御蔵前・八幡・不動は無事。御厩河岸では大船・小舟合わせて五艘が打ち上げられた。天王町・閻魔堂の屋根が少々損じた。瓦町・萱町・福井町・平右衛門町、この辺りが軒並み大きく損壊した。東は茅場町・竹島町が少々損壊した。九鬼様の表御門・長屋が大崩れした。八丁堀・霊岸島この辺りで各所に崩れた家が多かった。新川・新堀が少々傷んだ。永代橋は大船が打ちつけられ、一箇所は大きく窪み、一箇所は切れ落ちて往来が止まった。ただし、橋が落ちたことを教えてくれる人がいたにもかかわらず、先に渡って行った人が戻ってこないので渡れるものと思い、暗闇の中で我を忘れて落ちた者が多かったという。また永代の団子屋の後ろに百五十石積みの大船が打ち上げられた。高尾茶屋の前へ茶舟二艘が打ち上げられた。箱崎では田安様の表長屋が潰れた。浜町の三河様のお屋敷が少々傷み、茶舟八艘・小舟三艘が打ち上げられ、辻番が崩れた。大川端（隅田川岸）の安藤様のお上屋敷が大きく傷み、三百五十石積みの「明神丸」という大船が崩れ、ともばかり（艫板）を打ち開けた。高橋が崩れ、橋杭三本がこの場所へ打ち上げられた。総じてこの辺りのお屋敷方が大きく傷んだ。大橋辺りでは大茶舟二十艘・小舟五、六艘・材木・角材等が数多く打ち上げられた。川端の団子茶屋が残らず流された。大橋（両国橋）は無事。向こう岸の御船蔵三箇所が壊れた。あたけ・三ツ井長家・三の亀仮宅が大きく損壊した。この辺り各所の損壊が多かった。また二ツ目より立川通り・亀沢町・割下水近辺・吉岡町・吉田町の切見世が大きく損壊した。亀井戸・押上・五百羅漢・柳島・小梅・松戸この辺りは大水にて大きく損壊した。また永代橋の向こうは深川の佐賀町・松川町・蛤町・熊井町、この辺りの河岸通り・納屋が大きく崩れた。仲町の金沢屋・大野屋・白木屋・佐野土屋の四軒とも崩れた。その他の遊女屋仮宅も大きく損壊した。八幡社内の弁天開帳小屋・大江生人形小屋がことごとく潰れた。八幡裏門近辺は出水が四尺（約1.2メートル）程上昇した。綱打場の切見世三棟ともに潰れた。三十三間堂・本坊は大水で材木が大きく流れた。洲先では大船・小舟が打ち上げられ、破船の数は知れなかった。仙台堀の御蔵屋敷の表長屋が大きく崩れた。清住町・海辺大工町が少々崩れた。寺町の寺院が大きく傷んだ。常盤町の切見世が大きく損壊した。森下町の弥勒寺前が出水で傷んだ。扇橋向こうの入江町仮宅が大きく損壊した。砂村・葛西辺りは大水で人家・田畑ともに大きく流れ、死人・怪我人が多かった。南は亀島町・日比谷町・稲荷橋が大水で舟を打ち上げた。鉄砲洲・本湊町・舟松町の河岸通り・納屋が残らず崩れた。十軒町が大崩れし、佃島が大損壊して流家が多かった。築地・浜手・一橋様・越中様・秋様のお屋敷が大崩れした。五百石積みの大船がこの場所へ吹き上げられた。西御門跡の本道が崩れた。雲にそびえる大御本堂が礎石より少しも外れることなく、提灯を畳んだように潰れたのは、不思議というも愚かなほどであった。見物の男女が群集した。その他寺中の損壊が多かった。裏門前へ大茶舟十五艘・小舟二十五艘、その他材木は数知れず。表門前へ姉ヶ崎の大船一艘が打ち上げられた。西、昌平橋・湯島・本郷・駒込・白山辺りが大きく損壊した。小石川・牛込・市ヶ谷・四ツ谷・赤坂・麹町・番町・小川町・丸の内のお屋敷方・諸所で損壊した。日本橋・中橋・京橋辺りに崩れた家が所々あった。南八丁堀の本多様の表長屋が崩れた。浅利河岸・木挽町・塩留・新橋では小舟・材木が打ち上げられた。久保町・愛宕下のお屋敷方で所々傷んだ。西久保・瓦け町辺りが少々傷んだ。麻布・龍土辺りで所々崩れた。芝口通りで所々傷んだ。出火は片門前一丁目から神明前・神明町の片側で焼け止まった。芝のお山内（増上寺）は無事。新銭座・新網町・金杉浦が大きく損壊し、この場所へ薩摩様の鉄造りの大船が打ち上げられた。このような非常時にも、これこそよい見物だと見る人が市をなした。その他大船・小舟が数多く打ち上げられた。三田・白銀・二本松が少々傷んだ。田町通り・七軒茶屋町・高輪が大きく損壊した。そこから洲先・漁師町辺りは津波で家が流れた。浜川・鈴ヶ森・八幡・大森・羽根田が大水で大きく崩れた。先は川崎・大師河原・生麦・神奈川・程ヶ谷で所々損じた。浦賀湊では大船の破損が数知れなかった。金沢辺り・江島・西・東ともに七里ヶ浜が残らず津波で家が流れ、死人・怪我人が多かった。戸塚で所々損じた。藤沢宿の西村・音無川より大水が出て、遊行様の寺領百石が残らず流れ、多くの人が損じた。大磯・南郷・梅沢・小田原この辺りまで所々損壊があった。向こうの方は、房州・上総・木更津辺りが津波で家が多く損壊した。

- 大船　八十五艘　　このうち破損　二十艘
- 死人　四百八十人
- 大太刀（大茶舟）　六十艘　　このうち破損　三十艘
- 怪我人　数知れず
- 屋根船ほか　二百四十九艘　　このうち破損　百十一艘
- 手前建家（自己所有建物）　八万九千五百軒余
- 江戸借家　六万四千四十二軒

【図中の地名】
- 芝金杉浦
- 芝神明前
- 築地門跡
- 永代橋
- 新吉原
- 下谷金杉

英語訳

# Map of Locations Damaged by the Great Storm and Flooding on the 25th Day of the 8th Month of Ansei 3 (1856)

"Pine and cypress shattered into firewood; mulberry fields transformed into the sea"—how true these words proved to be. It was the eighth month of the third year of Ansei (the Year of the Dragon, 1856). Light rain had continued for several days, but on the night of the 25th, at around half past the fifth hour (approximately 9 p.m.), thunder suddenly rumbled, and a great storm broke out. It toppled great rocks, scattered large trees, knocked down roof tiles, and blew apart rooftops with a sound like a million thunderbolts. The rain was as though small stones were being hurled against everything. People were stricken with fear and grief; the color had drained from every face as though they were dead.

It was truly an unprecedented catastrophe. Beginning from Nihonbashi northward, Uchi-Kanda and Soto-Kanda suffered severe damage. Onari-dō road and the Shitaya area sustained heavy damage, while the precincts of Ueno hill suffered no particular harm. A fire broke out near Sakamoto and spread to Shin-Yoshiwara, burning thirty-three brothels and everything else to the ground. Asakusa Kanzeon (Sensō-ji Temple) was unharmed. Hanakawado, Yama-no-Juku, Shōten-chō, Imado-chō, and Yamakawa-chō suffered severe damage to their licensed brothel temporary quarters. The three theater districts (Saruwaka-chō's three theaters) and surrounding areas suffered great damage; the north and south Umamichi roads sustained minor damage, and the low-class brothels were damaged. Floodwaters rose near Hashi-be, Ryōgoku, and Senju, washing away dwellings, and the Great Bridge (Ryōgoku Bridge) was slightly damaged. Takenohei, Sōka, Koshigaya, Kasukabe, Sugito, Gōdo, and Kurihashi all had houses damaged by flooding. The roof of the Eastern Gate ruins of Asakusa was slightly damaged, and a water storage structure collapsed. Kikuya Bridge and the temples of Shinhori were badly damaged. The licensed brothel temporary quarters around Tawaramachi and Hirokoji were severely damaged. From there, Namiki-chō thoroughfare, Okura-mae, the Hachiman shrine, and the Fudō shrine were unharmed. At Omiyakaishi, five large and small boats were washed ashore. The roof of Tennō-chō and Enma-dō was slightly damaged. Kawaramachi, Kayachō, Fukuichō, and Heizaemon-chō were extensively damaged throughout. To the east, Kayabachō and Takeshimachō suffered minor damage. The main gate and tenement houses of the Kuki domain mansion suffered major collapse. In the areas of Hatchōbori and Reigan-jima, many houses collapsed in various places. Shinkawa and Shinhori suffered minor damage.

At Eitai Bridge, a large boat struck the structure—one spot sank deeply and another completely gave way, halting traffic. Although there were people warning that the bridge had collapsed, many fell to their deaths in the darkness because they assumed they could cross since others who had gone ahead had not returned.

Behind the Eitai dumpling shop, a large boat carrying 150 koku was washed ashore. Two tea boats were washed up in front of the Takao teahouse. In Hakozaki, the front tenement of the Tayasu domain mansion collapsed. The Mikawa domain mansion at Hama-chō was slightly damaged; eight tea boats and three small boats were washed ashore, and a crossroads guard post collapsed. The Andō clan's upper residence along the Ōkawa (Sumida River) embankment was severely damaged. A large ship of 350-koku capacity called the Myōjin-maru was wrecked, its stern boards smashed open. Takabashi Bridge collapsed, and three bridge piles washed up here. The domain residences throughout this area were all greatly damaged. Near the Great Bridge, twenty large tea boats, five or six small boats, and a great quantity of timber and lumber were washed ashore. All the dumpling tea stalls along the riverbank were swept away. The Great Bridge (Ryōgoku Bridge) itself was undamaged. On the opposite bank, three shogunate boat warehouses were destroyed. The Atake, Mitsui tenement rows, and San-no-Kame temporary quarters were badly damaged, with much damage throughout this area.

From Futatsu-me along Tachikawa-dōri, Kamezawa-chō, the Wari-gesui canal area, and the licensed brothels of Yoshioka-chō and Yoshida-chō were severely damaged. Kameido, Oshiage, Gohyaku Rakan (Five-Hundred Arhats), Yanagishima, Koume, and Matsudo were severely damaged by flooding.

On the far side of Eitai Bridge, the riverfront warehouses of Saga-chō, Matsukawa-chō, Hamaguri-chō, and Kumoi-chō in Fukagawa were extensively destroyed. In Naka-chō, all four establishments—Kanazawa-ya, Ōno-ya, Shiroki-ya, and Sanoduchi-ya—collapsed. The licensed brothel temporary quarters were badly damaged. At Hachiman Shrine, the Benzaiten exhibition stalls and the Ōe life-like doll exhibition stalls were all demolished. Near the rear gate of Hachiman Shrine, floodwaters rose approximately four shaku (about 1.2 meters). All three sections of the Tsunauchi-ba licensed brothels were destroyed. The Sanjūsangendō Hall and the main temple complex suffered extensive timber losses in the flooding. At Susaki, many large and small ships were driven ashore, and the number of wrecked vessels was beyond counting. The front tenements of the shogunate storehouse estate at Sendai-bori were extensively destroyed. Kiyosumi-chō and Kaibe Daiku-chō suffered minor damage. The temples of Tera-machi were badly damaged. The licensed brothels of Tokiwa-chō were heavily damaged. Morishita-chō near Miroku-ji temple was damaged by flooding. The temporary quarters of Irie-chō beyond Ōgi-bashi Bridge were badly damaged. In the areas of Sunamura and Kasai, houses and farmland were swept away by flooding, with many deaths and injuries.

To the south, Kameshima-chō, Hibiya-chō, and Inari-bashi had boats driven ashore by flooding. The riverside warehouses of Teppōzu, Honminato-chō, and Funamatsu-chō were all destroyed. Jikken-chō suffered major collapse, and Tsukuda-jima was severely damaged with many houses washed away. In Tsukiji and the waterfront areas, the residences of the Hitotsubashi, Etchū, and Aki domains were severely destroyed, and a large ship of 500-koku capacity was blown aground there. The main road at the Western Gate ruins collapsed.

The great main hall, towering up into the clouds, collapsed like a folded lantern without the foundation stones moving even slightly from their positions—this was beyond extraordinary. Men and women came in crowds to view the spectacle. Many other parts of the temple complex were damaged as well. In front of the rear gate, fifteen large tea boats, twenty-five small boats, and an uncountable quantity of timber were driven aground. In front of the main gate, one large ship from Annegasaki was run aground.

To the west, Shōhei-bashi, Yushima, Hongō, Komagome, and the Hakusan area suffered heavy damage. Koishikawa, Ushigome, Ichigaya, Yotsuya, Akasaka, Kōji-machi, Banchō, Ogawa-chō, and the domain residences of Marunouchi were damaged in various places. Nihonbashi, Naka-bashi, and Kyōbashi had collapsed houses here and there. In south Hatchōbori, the front tenements of the Honda domain residence collapsed. At Asarigashi, Kobiki-chō, Shiodome, and Shinbashi, small boats and timber were washed ashore. The domain residences in Kubo-chō and below Atago were damaged in places. Nishi-Kubo and the Kawarakemachi area suffered minor damage. Parts of Azabu and Ryūdo were damaged. Shibaguchi-dōri suffered damage in places. As for fires, a blaze starting from Katamonmae 1-chōme burned to Shinmei-mae and Shinmei-chō before being contained to just one side of the street. The Shiba temple precinct (Zōjō-ji) was undamaged. Shinsenza, Shin-Ami-chō, and Kanasugi-ura were severely damaged, and here the Satsuma domain's iron-hulled large ship was driven ashore. Even in such a calamity, people flocked like a marketplace to see this spectacle. Many other large and small vessels were driven ashore in great numbers. Mita, Shirogane, and Nihon-matsu suffered minor damage. Tamachi-dōri, Shichiken Chaya-machi, and Takanawa were severely damaged. From there, the areas of Susaki and Ryōshi-machi had houses washed away by a tsunami. Hamagawa, Suzugamori, Hachiman, Ōmori, and Haneda were extensively damaged by flooding.

Further out, Kawasaki, Daishi-kawara, Namamugi, Kanagawa, and Hodogaya suffered damage in various places. In Uraga harbor, the number of wrecked large ships was beyond counting. In the Kanazawa area, Enoshima, and both the east and west shores of Shichiri-ga-hama, all houses were swept away by the tsunami, with many deaths and injuries. Totsuka suffered damage in various places. At Fujisawa-juku, floodwaters from the Nishinomura Otonashi-gawa River swept away the entire one hundred koku of the Yūgyō-ji temple's landholdings, causing great harm to many. From Ōiso, Nango, and Umezawa to Odawara, there was damage in various places. In the opposite direction, the areas of Bōshū (Awa Province), Kazusa, and Kisarazu suffered much house damage from the tsunami.

**Summary Statistics:**
- Large ships: 85 vessels (of which 20 wrecked)
- Deaths: 480 persons
- Large-blade boats / large tea boats: 60 vessels (of which 30 wrecked)
- Injured: Innumerable
- Roofed boats and others: 249 vessels (of which 111 wrecked)
- Owner-occupied buildings: Over 89,500 structures
- Rental properties in Edo: 64,042 properties

**Place names labeled on the map:**
- Shiba Kanasugi-ura (芝金杉浦)
- Shiba Shinmei-mae (芝神明前)
- Tsukiji Mon-seki (築地門跡)
- Eitai-bashi (永代橋)
- Shin-Yoshiwara (新吉原)
- Shitaya Kanasugi (下谷金杉)