英語訳
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The fifth states: Regarding sūtras, there are four in the four āgamas. 1. Saṃyuktāgama: This is where Buddha Bhagavat, observing those to be taught, proclaimed the Tathāgata's and disciples' teachings corresponding to aggregates, sense-spheres, and elements; corresponding dependent origination; or the four foundations of mindfulness, four right efforts, four bases of supernatural power, five faculties, five powers, seven factors of awakening, eightfold noble path, and inhalation-exhalation. Later compilers, to make the sacred teaching endure long, arranged them in sequence according to their appropriateness. Such correspondences briefly have three types: 1. The speaker - namely the Tathāgata and various disciples; 2. What is spoken - namely the dharmas to be understood such as aggregates and sense-spheres; 3. Those for whom it is spoken - namely monks and assemblies of gods, demons, etc. Roughly indicating all such matters and collecting them together is called Saṃyuktāgama. 2. Madhyamāgama: This takes the previous corresponding teachings and explains them with other teachings in a middle way. This is called Madhyamāgama. 3. Dīrghāgama: This takes those corresponding teachings and explains them extensively with other teachings. Therefore it's called Dīrghāgama. 4. Ekottarikāgama: This takes those corresponding teachings and explains them with the principle of gradually increasing numbers - one, two, three, etc. Therefore it's called Ekottarikāgama. These four types have been transmitted by teachers and disciples down to the present. Due to this principle, they are therefore called the four āgamas." *Baoen-jing* fascicle 6 states: "For gods and worldly people, teaching according to the time, collected as Ekottarika - this is what those who encourage and transform practice. For sharp-faculties beings, explaining various profound meanings is called Madhyamāgama - this is what scholars practice. Explaining various meditation methods is Saṃyuktāgama - this is what meditators practice. Refuting various heterodox schools is Dīrghāgama." *Yogācārabhūmi* fascicle 2 Phonetic Meanings (compiled by Xuanying) states: Āgama (also ā-gama, meaning 'teaching' or 'transmission' - successively transmitted and mutually taught. The old term āhan is a corruption and abbreviation).
**Section 39: Clarifying the Six Relatives**
*Brahmajāla-sūtra Commentary* (Taiken) states: father, mother, elder brother, younger brother, paternal uncle, maternal aunt.
*Renwang-jing Commentary* states: father, mother, elder brother, younger brother, husband, wife.
The above two explanations each have their reasons. The *Brahmajāla-sūtra's* meaning is the teaching of not violating the six relatives, so it excludes husband and wife. The *Renwang-jing's* meaning is the teaching of disharmony among six relatives, so it includes husband and wife. Therefore their perspectives differ but don't contradict each other.
**Section 40: Clarifying the Four Deportments**
Walking, standing, sitting, lying down. (Standing means to stand upright, namely dwelling. This is Master Jingxing's interpretation, which can be seen in the Eight-Fascicle Sūtra Commentary.)
Completed one proofreading as in the manuscript. This is to make the Dharma endure long, develop wisdom and understanding, and repay divine grace.
Eiroku 1st year, 5th month, 3rd day - Senyu
*Mahāyāna Yogācāra School Terminology* Fascicle 6 (Lower - End)
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**Yogācāra School Terminology Outline**
**Fascicle 1 (Upper)**
Three Realms
Five destinies, four births, eight difficult conditions, five practices, four wheels, four dhyānas, four formless [states]
Three grounds, nine grounds, seven consciousness-dwellings, nine sentient being abodes, twenty-five existences
Three categories
Three vehicle seed-natures
Four heavy burdens, three types of icchantika (appending five difficulties and six answers)
**Fascicle 1 (Middle)**
Three Vehicle Names and Stages
Śrāvaka seven preliminary observations, four approaches and four fruits, twenty-seven worthies and sages, bodhisattva five stages
Five types of yoga, four investigative thoughts, four true cognitions (beside this, one section on six clear realizations may be missing), four types of purity
Three incalculable eons, four reliances, seven grounds, thirteen abodes etc., five acceptances, three bodies (four unchanging matters)
Five dharmas, Buddha has three types of causes, three types of Buddha-nature, three bodies have two causes, Buddha's ten epithets, etc.
**Fascicle 1 (Lower)**
What the Three Vehicles Observe
Four truths, twelve links etc., three natures, three naturelessnesses, three acceptances of non-arising, three liberation gates, three samādhis, two emptiness observations
**Fascicle 2 (Upper)**
Defiled Dharma Gate
Contaminated conditioned [dharmas], two obstructions, two grasps (appending: scope of grasps and obstructions; general and particular objects of two grasps; innate and discriminative consciousness; correspondingly using two grasps of increase and decrease to discriminate self and dharmas; matter of giving rise to grasps of increase and decrease regarding the three natures)
Six afflictions, four types of craving, four types of ignorance (constantly active non-shared, independently active non-shared, primary independent, non-primary independent)
Ignorance has four types (nineteen ignorances, seven types of ignorance, six types of ignorance, five types of ignorance), ignorance three types of increase
Seven prides, nine prides, twenty statements of self-view, sixty-five views, sixty-two views (appending fourteen inexpressible matters)
128 afflictions (appending eighty-one grades of cultivation delusions, nine grades of desire realm cultivation delusions nourishing birth), ten heavy obstructions (appending twenty-two delusions), three latent tendencies, three coarsenesses, twenty-four coarsenesses (appending habitual tendencies, latent tendencies, coarsenesses), two bonds, three bonds, three outflows (appending ignorance's eleven excellences), three sufferings, three obstructions (appending three types of defilements), four obstructions, four inversions, four torrents, four yokes, four grasps, four bodily ties, five fears, five dwelling-ground afflictions
Five hindrances, five lower fetters (appending five upper fetters), five turbidities (appending twelve turbidities, six turbidities), six distractions
Seven inversions, seven latent tendencies, seven outflows, eight types of wrong discrimination, eight entanglements, nine bonds
Nine latent tendencies, ten discriminations, ten distractions, six types of scattering, four māras (appending three māras, eight māras, ten māras)
Three types of stakes (appending three defilements etc., twelve sets of three types of afflictions), six defilements, three unwholesome roots