[善光寺地震被害書上] - 翻刻

翻刻

【右丁　文字なし】

【左丁】
一私在所信州松代先達て御届申上候通にて更科郡山平林村ノ内岩倉山拔崩犀川へ
　押埋り弐ケ所 堰（セキ）留追々数十丈堪溜候処一両日前より水溜り候得共下之方より堰留
　候場所へ水乗候に付末弐丈余も有之候処俄押破候と相見同十三日夕七ツ時過
　右山之方大に鳴動致引続瀬鳴之音之如く相聞候所一時に激（ゲキ）水右川筋ヘ
　押出し忽左右之古堤押切或は乗越防方も届兼候旨川方役人共より追々
　致注進候所間も無之川中島数ケ村一円に水押千曲川ヘ流込逆流既に居
　城際迄水多く押上暮時頃ヨリ夜九ツ時頃迄に千曲川平水より二丈計
　相増川中島は勿論高井郡水内郡之内川附村々水中に相成瀬筋相立
　候様相見へ候処も数ケ所有之作物泥冠候は勿論押堀#1候所夥敷可有
　之候へ共難見極夜半過に及ひ瀬水丈も相立候様子の処暁に及ひ
　次第に引水に相成申候兼て村方之者共水防之手当申付置候得とも

現代語訳

【右丁　文字なし】

【左丁】

私の在所である信州松代において、先に御届け申し上げた通り、更科郡山平林村のうち岩倉山が崩落して犀川に押し埋まり、二ヶ所が堰き止められ、次第に数十丈（＊1）もの深さで水が溜まっておりました。一両日前より水が溜まっておりましたが、下方の堰き止められた場所へ水が乗り上がり、末端では二丈余りもの深さとなっていたところ、突然押し破られた模様で、同（五月）十三日の夕刻、七ツ時過ぎ（＊2）、その山の方角で大きな鳴動がおこり、引き続いて瀬の鳴るような音が聞こえたと思ったところ、一時に激しい水が犀川の川筋へ押し出し、たちまち左右の古い堤を押し切り、あるいは乗り越えて、防ぎようもない旨、川方役人（＊3）たちから次々と注進（報告）が参りました。間もなく、川中島（＊4）の数ヶ村が一円（すべて）水に押され、千曲川へ流れ込み逆流し、すでに居城（松代城）の際（きわ）まで水が多く押し上げ、暮れ時頃から夜九ツ時頃（＊5）までに、千曲川は平水（平常水位）より二丈ほど水かさが増し、川中島はもちろん、高井郡・水内郡のうち川沿いの村々が水中となり、瀬筋（流れの筋）が定まって見える場所も数ヶ所あるものの、作物が泥をかぶったことはもちろん、押し掘られた（流されて抉られた）ところも夥しくあるものと思われますが、（夜間のため）見極め難く、夜半過ぎには瀬の水位も定まってきた様子でしたが、夜明けに及んで次第に引き水（水位低下）となりました。かねて村方の者どもへ水防の手当を申し付けておきましたが、（以下続く）

英語訳

[Right folio: No text]

[Left folio]

As previously reported to the authorities regarding my home domain of Matsushiro in Shinano Province: within Yamanaka Hirabayashi Village in Sarashina District, Iwakura Mountain collapsed and was pushed into the Sai River, blocking it at two locations, where water gradually accumulated to a depth of several tens of jō (*1). Although water had been pooling for a day or two beforehand, it rose up over the lower of the two blocked locations, reaching a depth of over two jō at its furthest point, whereupon it suddenly appeared to have burst through. On the evening of the 13th of the same month, just past the Hour of the Rooster (*2), a great rumbling arose from the direction of the mountain, followed immediately by a sound like the roaring of rapids. All at once, a violent torrent of water surged into the course of the Sai River, instantly breaking through or overtopping the old embankments on both banks, and the river officials (*3) sent successive urgent reports that there was no way to hold back the flood. Before long, several villages throughout the Kawanakajima area (*4) were entirely inundated; the water flowed into the Chikuma River, causing it to flow in reverse, already pushing a great volume of water as far as the foot of the castle (Matsushiro Castle). From around dusk until around the Hour of the Rat (*5), the Chikuma River rose approximately two jō above its normal water level. Not only Kawanakajima, but all riverside villages in Takai District and Minnai District were submerged. Although in several places the course of the current appeared to be discernible, the crops were certainly coated in mud, and the damage from scouring and erosion must have been immense — though it was impossible to assess clearly in the darkness. After midnight, the water level appeared to stabilize, and by dawn, the waters had gradually begun to recede. I had previously ordered the villagers to prepare flood-control measures, however... [continued on next page]