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養蠶實驗録後編 - 翻刻

養蠶實驗録後編 - ページ 37

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翻刻

 △て取木尓て成木したるは真尓大穴出來早く/枯氣(かれけ)つき  大木とは成ら須殊尓桑の木は毎年夏の内枝葉残  ら須切拂ふなれば/労(つか)れ/早(はや)し小苗より真尓/病(やまい)無き様  尓始めより/為(す)べき事/肝要(かんよう)なり後の/患(うれい)は/前(まへ)尓有り  と養蚕の事も諸書尓/戒(いまし)めあり心得へし〇又取  木の苗を/陸(おか)の畠尓植て永く/保(たも)ち栄ゆる法は穴をいか  程も深く廣く堀り揚て苗を入肥を入るも前尓云如く  し枝を取るも/蕣(あさが不)作り尓て前の如し只其年は穴を少し  埋め二年目の春又落葉などを入両年に埋め切るなり初め  /平(へい)地より五六寸も/低(ひき)くくじき前の時の古木を土中尓  なるやう尓して新木尓/為替(しか)へ〇又二年目尓埋切るは上  根を/出(いだ)さゞるやう尓する為也上根は耕作の/邪魔(じやま)尓  なり桑も根を切られて栄へず/地底(ぢそこ)を/横(よこ)尓/走(はし)る根  は耕作の/糞汁(こいしる)の/洩(もれ)/沈(春だる)を/吸(春ひ)取る故尓両作尓利有  但《割書:古人は一日尓桑三本植るを一人仕業尓すると|云ひ傳もあれど是等の事は当世流行せず》餘は前々云  /蕣(あさが不)作りとなり又都ての木枝葉を切捨て植れは生  付安く栄へよし又/子(み)蒔の苗は/陸(おか)場へはかくの如くし   川邊は其儘植るも早く用か足りてよし又/陸(おか)の上畠へ  一度植て永く栄ゆるは子蒔尓して/昔(むかし)の/流義(りうぎ)尓移し植  尓限るへし植て四年目尓刈り取り蚕に飼うへし  左ページ四行目左ルビー 「沈 しづむ」

現代語訳

て取り木にて成木したるは真に大穴ができ、早く枯れ気がつき、大木とは成らず。殊に桑の木は毎年夏の内、枝葉残らず切り払うなれば疲れが早い。小苗より真に病無きように始めより為すべき事が肝要なり。後の患いは前にありと養蚕の事も諸書に戒めあり、心得べし。また取り木の苗を陸の畑に植えて永く保ち栄える法は、穴をいかほども深く広く掘り揚げて苗を入れ、肥を入れるも前に云う如くし、枝を取るも朝顔作りにて前の如し。ただその年は穴を少し埋め、二年目の春また落葉などを入れ、両年に埋め切るなり。初め平地より五六寸も低くくぼめ、前の時の古木を土中になるようにして新木に仕替える。また二年目に埋め切るは上根を出さざるようにする為なり。上根は耕作の邪魔になり、桑も根を切られて栄えず。地底を横に走る根は耕作の糞汁の漏れ沈むを吸い取る故に両作に利有り。 ただし《古人は一日に桑三本植えるを一人仕事にすると云い伝えもあれど、これ等の事は当世流行せず》。余は前々云う朝顔作りとなり、またすべての木、枝葉を切り捨てて植えれば生え付き安く栄えよし。また種蒔きの苗は陸場へはかくの如くし、川辺はそのまま植えるも早く用が足りてよし。また陸の上畑へ一度植えて永く栄えるは種蒔きにして昔の流儀に移し植えに限るべし。植えて四年目に刈り取り蚕に飼うべし。

英語訳

Trees grown to maturity through layering develop large holes in their heartwood, quickly showing signs of decay, and do not become large trees. Particularly with mulberry trees, since all branches and leaves are cut away every summer, they tire quickly. It is essential to ensure from the beginning that small seedlings are truly free from disease. The troubles of later years begin earlier - this warning about sericulture is found in various books and should be understood. The method for planting layered seedlings in upland fields to maintain and prosper them for a long time involves digging holes as deep and wide as possible, placing the seedlings, and adding fertilizer as described before. Branch cutting should also follow the morning glory method as before. However, in that year, fill the hole only partially, then in the spring of the second year, add fallen leaves and such, completely filling it over two years. Initially, make it five to six inches lower than the flat ground, burying the old wood from before in the soil and replacing it with new wood. The reason for completely filling in the second year is to prevent surface roots from emerging. Surface roots interfere with cultivation, and when the mulberry roots are cut, they do not prosper. Roots that run horizontally along the bottom absorb the leaked and settled manure liquid from cultivation, benefiting both crops. However, while there is a tradition that the ancients considered planting three mulberry trees per day as one person's work, such practices are not popular in modern times. The rest follows the morning glory method mentioned before. Also, if all trees have their branches and leaves cut off before planting, they take root easily and prosper well. For seedlings grown from seeds, use this method for upland areas, while for riverside areas, planting them directly works well and serves the purpose quickly. For planting once in upland fields to prosper long-term, it should be limited to transplanting seedlings grown from seeds according to the old methods. Harvest in the fourth year after planting to feed the silkworms.