翻刻
【グミの一種、ナワシログミ?】
救荒本草曰 驢駝布袋《割書:ウクイスノキ|アツキイチゴ|》 タハラグミ 紅花者一種
胡頽子(グミ)
国俗ノ農夫
多和良久美(タワラグミ)ト云
乙酉夾鐘廿有三日
折枝一写
【印】木類
順和名抄十七
鴬実 和名 宇久比須乃岐乃美
左府頼長之台記ニモ鴬美ノ事アリ
臼(ウス)ノ木 京畿内
コシキクミ 伊賀
吉利子樹(ウクイスノキ)は臘月ヨリ諸木ニ先タチテ芽ヲ生ス
立春花ヲ開ク三月実熟ス本草ニ■桃#1三月ノ
未熟ト云蜀都ノ賦ニ朱■#1春熟ト云ヘトモ四月ニ
熟ス吉利子ハ三月初ヨリ熟ス木果三月ニ実
ノルハ百果の魁ナリ鶯ノ始テ啼時ニ此花モ咲
故ニ名付シニヤト貝原翁ノ云ヘリ
【エノキ】
地錦後集云
■■樹#2《割書:漢名|和名ヱノキ》
和名類聚抄ニ曰
榎(ヱ)
爾雅注ニ曰
榎 《割書:一名|》槄
上音古雅之
反字亦作
《返り点:レ》檟ニ下ノ音瑫
《割書:和|名》衣(ヱ)
同季姑洗初十日
枝折一写
【印】雑木
本草ニ楸葉ノ小ナルヲ榎トス
今案ニヱノ木ハ楸ノ類ニアラス
然ラハ本邦ニテ榎ヲヱトスルハ
アヤマリナルヘシ万葉及順
和名抄ニ榎ノ字ヱト訓ス出
所不_レ詳○ヱノキ二種アリ一種は椋(ムク)ヱノキト云
陣軍楯ノ板ニ用ル鉄炮矢等ヲ禦ク具トス
榎ハ馬ノ鞍ニ作ルト云
現代語訳
【グミの一種、ナワシログミと思われる】
『救荒本草』に曰く 驢駝布袋(ウグイスノキ・アツキイチゴ) タワラグミ 紅花の者は一種
胡頽子(グミ)
国俗の農夫は
多和良久美(タワラグミ)と云う
乙酉夾鐘二十三日
折枝を一写
【印】木類
『順和名抄』十七巻
鶯実 和名 宇久比須乃岐乃美(ウグイスノキノミ)
『左府頼長之台記』にも鶯実のことあり
臼(ウス)の木 京畿内
コシキグミ 伊賀
吉利子樹(ウグイスノキ)は臘月より諸木に先立ちて芽を生ず。
立春に花を開く。三月に実熟す。『本草』に■桃は三月の
未熟と云う。蜀都の賦に朱■春熟と云えども、四月に
熟す。吉利子は三月初より熟す。木の果で三月に実の
なるは百果の魁なり。鶯の初めて啼く時にこの花も咲く、
ゆえに名付けたのではないかと貝原翁が云えり。
【エノキ】
『地錦後集』に云う
■■樹(漢名 和名ヱノキ)
『和名類聚抄』に曰く
榎(ヱ)
『爾雅注』に曰く
榎 一名 槄
上の字の音は古雅の反、字はまた
檟とも作る。下の音は瑫。
和名 衣(ヱ)
同季姑洗の初十日
折枝を一写
【印】雑木
『本草』に楸葉の小なるものを榎とす。
今案ずるに、ヱノ木は楸の類にあらず。
然らば本邦にて榎をヱとするのは
誤りであるべし。万葉及び『順
和名抄』に榎の字をヱと訓ずる出
所は詳らかならず。○ヱノキ二種あり。一種は椋(ムク)ヱノキと云う。
陣・軍の楯の板に用いる。鉄砲・矢等を防ぐ具とす。
榎は馬の鞍に作ると云う。
英語訳
【Appears to be a variety of Gumi (silverberry/oleaster), possibly Nawashiro-gumi】
The Jiuhuang Bencao (Famine Relief Materia Medica) states: Lütuobùdài (Uguisunoki / Atsuki-ichigo), Tawara-gumi. The red-flowered variety is a separate species.
Hútúizi (Gumi / Elaeagnus)
Country farmers commonly call it
Tawara-gumi (Tawaragumi)
Year of Kinoto-tori, Kyōshō month, 23rd day
Painted from a cut branch
【Seal】 Woody Plants
Junwamyōshō, Volume 17
Uguisunomi (Warbler Fruit) Japanese name: Uguisunoki no mi (fruit of the warbler tree)
In the Daiki (Court Diary) of the Left Minister Yorinaga, there is also a passage about uguisumi (warbler fruit).
Usu no ki (mortar tree) Kinai region (around the capital)
Koshiki-gumi Iga province
The Kiriishi-ju (Uguisunoki tree) puts out buds before all other trees, beginning in the twelfth lunar month.
It blooms at the start of spring (Risshun). Its fruit ripens in the third month. The Bencao states that the ■tao [unreadable] is unripe in the third month. The Ode to the Shu Capital states that the "vermilion ■" ripens in spring, yet [it actually] ripens in the fourth month.
The Kiriishi ripens from the beginning of the third month. Among tree fruits, those that bear fruit in the third month are the forerunners of all fruits. It was perhaps named so because this flower blooms at the same time the warbler first sings — so says the respected scholar Kaibara.
【Hackberry Tree (Enoki)】
The Dijin Houji (a Chinese horticultural text) states:
■■ tree (Chinese name; Japanese name: Enoki)
The Wamyō Ruijushō states:
榎 (read as "E")
The Erya Commentary states:
榎 also named 槄
The pronunciation of the upper character follows the fanqie reading of "gǔyǎ"; the character is also written as 檟. The lower character is pronounced "táo."
Japanese name: E
Same season (spring), Gusenshō month (third lunar month), 10th day
Painted from a cut branch
【Seal】 Miscellaneous Trees
The Bencao designates the plant with leaves smaller than those of the Qiu (catalpa) as 榎 (Enoki).
Upon examination, however, the Enoki tree is not of the Qiu family.
Therefore, the practice in Japan of reading 榎 as "E"
is likely an error. The Man'yōshū and the Junwamyōshō
both read the character 榎 as "E," but the source of this reading
is unclear. ○ There are two varieties of Enoki. One variety is called Muku-Enoki.
It is used for making shields for military encampments and battles, serving as protection against firearms and arrows.
The 榎 (Enoki) is said to be used for making horse saddles.