鶯宿雑記. 巻79-80 - 翻刻

翻刻

一内丸土俵数十五ハ天ノ九地ノ六東西ノ入口ハ陰陽和順ノ理也外ノ角ヲ
　儒道内ノ丸ヲ仏道中ノ幣束ヲ神道コレ神儒仏ノ三ツナリ
一中央ニ幣束七本立神酒熨斗供物三方右ノ品飾リ置始司
　追風罷出天長地久風雨順治ノ祭事暫ノ内アリ
一惣シテ土俵四本柱易ノ定ナリ土俵ノ内ヲ大極ト定メ左右ノ入口ヲ陰陽ト取
　四本柱ハ四時五行中央ノ土ヲ加ヘ木火土金水又ハ仁義礼智信ノ五常ナリ
　水引ハ黒赤黄三色ノ絹ヲ以テ北ノ柱ヨリ巻始メ北ノ柱ヘ巻納ルハ出ル
　人入人ヲ清ル心ナリ北ヲ極陰ト云相撲ニコレヲ役柱ト名付俵ヲ以テ形
　ヲナスハ五穀成就ノ祭事ナリ
一上覧ノ土俵ハ勧進相撲トハ相違ナレトモ易ノ一体ノ理違フコト有間敷也
　右祭事済土俵ノ上ニ飾リ置品〻行事四人東西ヨリ出テ持テ入ル後

　行事先ニ立テ相撲人廿人程ツヽ段〻ニ出テ礼義ヲ正シ土俵ノ上ニ平
　伏ス不残揃ヒ行事相図致ス其時一統土俵入済又平伏ス一人ツヽ
　囲ニ入如此シテ東西六度ニ済東西ノ関取横綱ヲ帯シテ絵図ノ通
　《割書：此絵図ハ｜ウツサス》土俵ニ入其後名乗言上行事東西ヨリ一人ツヽ出又相撲
　合セ候行事一人土俵ノ内ニ入テ次ニ東西ヨリ相撲人出テ平伏ス言
　上ノ行事土俵ヘ出テ東ノ方誰西ノ方誰ト高声ニ名乗テ入ル其
　内白張着用ノ者水ト紙ヲ遣ス也相撲人土俵ヘ掛ル行事声ヲ
　掛ケ中ニ立テ古法ノ如ク待（マテ）ナシニ取組行事勝相撲誰ト名乗尤
　行事ハ代ル〳〵不残侍烏帽子素袍着用ス合セ行事ハ素袍ノ肩
　ヲ絞リ出ル又四本柱ノ元ニ行事四人平伏シテ扣居ル是ハ勝負依怙ナ
　ク見分ルコトヲ司ル右代リ〳〵行事十四人ニテ相勤申候

現代語訳

一、内の丸土俵の数十五は天の九と地の六を表し、東西の入口は陰陽和順の理である。外の角を儒道、内の丸を仏道、中の幣束を神道とし、これは神儒仏の三つを表している。

一、中央に幣束七本を立て、神酒・熨斗・供物を三方に右の品として飾り置き、始司の追風が罷り出て、天長地久・風雨順治の祭事をしばらくの間行う。

一、総じて土俵四本柱は易の定めである。土俵の内を大極と定め、左右の入口を陰陽と取り、四本柱は四時五行、中央の土を加えて木火土金水、又は仁義礼智信の五常を表す。水引は黒赤黄三色の絹をもって北の柱より巻き始め、北の柱へ巻き納めるのは、出る人入る人を清める心である。北を極陰と言い、相撲においてこれを役柱と名付ける。俵をもって形を成すのは五穀成就の祭事である。

一、上覧の土俵は勧進相撲とは相違するが、易の一体の理に違うことはないはずである。右の祭事が済むと、土俵の上に飾り置いた品々を行事四人が東西より出て持ち入る。その後、

行事が先に立って相撲人二十人程ずつ段々に出て礼義を正し、土俵の上に平伏する。残らず揃い、行事が合図をする。その時一統土俵入りが済み、また平伏する。一人ずつ囲みに入り、このようにして東西六度で済む。東西の関取は横綱を帯して絵図の通り（この絵図は写さず）土俵に入る。その後名乗り言上の行事が東西より一人ずつ出て、また相撲を合わせる。行事一人が土俵の内に入って、次に東西より相撲人が出て平伏する。言上の行事が土俵へ出て「東の方誰、西の方誰」と高声に名乗って入る。その間、白張着用の者が水と紙を遣わす。相撲人が土俵へ掛かる時、行事が声を掛け中に立って、古法のごとく待ちなしに取組む。行事は勝ち相撲の誰と名乗る。もっとも行事は代る代る、残らず侍烏帽子・素袍を着用する。合わせる行事は素袍の肩を絞って出る。また四本柱の元に行事四人が平伏して控えている。これは勝負に依怙なく見分けることを司る。右の代る代る行事十四人にて相勤め申した。

英語訳

1. The inner circular ring consists of 15 elements representing the nine of heaven and six of earth, with east and west entrances symbolizing the harmonious principle of yin and yang. The outer corners represent Confucianism, the inner circle represents Buddhism, and the central sacred bundles represent Shintoism - these are the three teachings of Shinto, Confucianism, and Buddhism.

1. Seven sacred bundles are erected in the center, with sacred sake, ceremonial gifts, and offerings arranged on three-legged stands as proper items. The chief official Oikaze comes forward to perform ceremonies for the longevity of heaven and earth and the favorable order of wind and rain for a brief period.

1. In general, the four pillars of the ring follow the principles of the I Ching. The interior of the ring is designated as the Supreme Ultimate (Taiji), the left and right entrances represent yin and yang, and the four pillars represent the four seasons and five elements. Adding the central earth element gives wood, fire, earth, metal, and water, or alternatively the five constant virtues of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faithfulness. The ceremonial cords of black, red, and yellow silk are wound starting from the north pillar and ending at the north pillar, representing the purification of those who exit and enter. The north is called extreme yin, and in sumo this is named the "role pillar." The formation made with rice bales is a ceremony for the fulfillment of the five grains.

1. Although the viewing ring differs from fundraising sumo, it should not differ from the unified principles of the I Ching. After the aforementioned ceremonies are completed, four referees emerge from east and west to collect the items that were displayed on the ring. After this,

The referees take the lead as approximately twenty sumo wrestlers at a time emerge in stages, correct their ceremonial posture, and prostrate themselves on the ring. When all are assembled, the referees give a signal. At that time, the unified ring entry is completed and they prostrate again. They enter the enclosure one by one, and in this manner it is completed in six rounds from east and west. The champion wrestlers from east and west wear ceremonial aprons and enter the ring according to the diagram (this diagram is not copied). After this, the referees for name announcements emerge one each from east and west, and sumo matches are conducted. One referee enters inside the ring, then sumo wrestlers emerge from east and west and prostrate themselves. The announcing referee comes onto the ring and calls out in a loud voice "From the east, so-and-so, from the west, so-and-so" as they enter. During this time, those wearing white garments provide water and paper. When the sumo wrestlers approach the ring, the referee calls out and stands in the center, and according to ancient law they engage without waiting. The referee announces the winner by name. Moreover, the referees take turns, all wearing court caps and plain robes. The match referee emerges with the shoulders of his plain robe drawn up. Additionally, four referees prostrate themselves at the base of the four pillars in attendance. This governs impartial judgment of the matches. These duties were performed by fourteen referees taking turns.