翻刻
年丁丑。日退＿二斗二十度＿一。晋￣ノ太元九年甲申。日退＿二斗十
七度＿一。宋￣ノ元嘉十年癸酉。日退＿二斗十四度＿一。唐￣ノ開元十二
年甲子。日退＿二斗十度＿一。宋￣ノ慶暦四年甲申。日退＿二斗五度＿一
度宗￣ノ四年戊辰。日退＿二斗四度二分＿一。元￣ノ至正元年辛巳。
日退＿二箕十度＿一。洪武十七年甲子。日退＿二箕七度＿一。嘉靖三
年甲申。初昏室中。日退＿二箕三度＿一。万暦四十年壬子。冬
至。日尚在＿二黄道箕￣ノ三度十九分十九秒＿一。在＿二赤道箕四
度四分二十五秒＿一。内＿－道＿－口￣ハ在＿二￣リ壁一度＿一￣二。外道口在＿二￣リ軫初
度＿一。至＿二崇禎十六年癸未＿一。歴＿二三十一年＿一。止（タヽ）差一分三十
五秒。《割書：此￣ノ差是￣レハ進。非＿レ退也。湯道未測＿二￣ルニ順治｜庚子。冬至＿一。日在＿二箕三度二十九分＿一。》嘉靖甲申。至＿二
崇禎癸未＿一。一百二十年。日尚進￣テ而未＿レ￣タ退。則天＿－道微＿－渺
之行。亦有＿二遅速＿一。不＿レ可＿二以＿レ年限＿一也。《割書：掲子￣カ曰。歳差不＿二独遅｜速不＿一レ￣ルノミ等。游子詳￣二測。而》
《割書：有＿二已＿－進而｜復＿－退＿一也。》今従＿二￣リ崇禎癸未＿一。上距＿二￣テ慶暦甲申＿一￣二。六百年￣二。日
差＿二￣ヘハ十二度余＿一則以＿二五十年＿一差＿二一度＿一。慶暦甲申￣ヨリ上距＿二開
元甲子＿一￣二。三百二十一年￣二。日差＿二￣ヘハ五度＿一。則以＿二六十四年＿一差＿二
一度＿一。開元甲子。上距＿二漢太初丁丑＿一￣二。八百二十七年￣ニシテ。日
差＿二十度＿一。則以＿二八十三年＿一差＿二一度＿一￣ヲ。太初丁丑￣ヨリ。上距＿二荘襄
王壬子＿一￣二。一百四十五年￣ニシテ日差＿二二度＿一。則以＿二七十三年＿一差＿二
一度＿一。荘襄王壬子￣ヨリ。上距＿二堯帝甲辰＿一￣二。二千二十八年￣二。差＿二
二十八度＿一￣ハ則以＿二七十二年＿一差＿二一度＿一。此析￣ニシテ而分＿レ￣ル之也。以＿二
【欄外】
北当
作上
止当
作上
現代語訳
年丁丑（漢の太初元年）、日は斗宿二十度まで退いた。晋の太元九年甲申、日は斗宿十七度まで退いた。宋の元嘉十年癸酉、日は斗宿十四度まで退いた。唐の開元十二年甲子、日は斗宿十度まで退いた。宋の慶暦四年甲申、日は斗宿五度まで退いた。度宗四年戊辰、日は斗宿四度二分まで退いた。元の至正元年辛巳、日は箕宿十度まで退いた。洪武十七年甲子、日は箕宿七度まで退いた。嘉靖三年甲申、初昏に室宿が南中し、日は箕宿三度まで退いた。万暦四十年壬子の冬至、日はなお黄道上の箕宿三度十九分十九秒にあり、赤道上では箕宿四度四分二十五秒にあった。内道口は壁宿一度にあり、外道口は軫宿の初度にあった。崇禎十六年癸未に至るまでの三十一年間で、わずか一分三十五秒しか差が生じなかった。
【割注】この差は進みであり、退きではない。湯道未が順治庚子の冬至を測定したところ、日は箕宿三度二十九分にあった。
嘉靖甲申から崇禎癸未まで一百二十年の間、日はなお進みつつあって、いまだ退いていない。すなわち、天道の微妙な運行にも遅速があり、年数によって一律に限定することはできない。
【割注】掲子（掲暄）が言う。歳差は遅速が等しくないだけではない。游子（游燕）が詳しく測定したところ、すでに進んでのちに再び退く場合もある。
今、崇禎癸未から遡って慶暦甲申まで六百年で、日が十二度余り差を生じたとすれば、五十年で一度の差となる。慶暦甲申から遡って開元甲子まで三百二十一年で、日が五度差を生じたとすれば、六十四年で一度の差となる。開元甲子から遡って漢の太初丁丑まで八百二十七年で、日が十度差を生じたとすれば、八十三年で一度の差となる。太初丁丑から遡って荘襄王壬子まで一百四十五年で、日が二度差を生じたとすれば、七十三年で一度の差となる。荘襄王壬子から遡って堯帝甲辰まで二千二十八年で、二十八度の差を生じたとすれば、七十二年で一度の差となる。これは細かく分けて分析したものである。
【欄外注】「北」は「上」と書くべきところ。「止」は「上」と書くべきところ。
英語訳
In the year Dingchou (the first year of Taichu of Han), the sun had retreated to the 20th degree of the Dou lunar mansion. In the 9th year of Taiyuan of Jin (Jiashen), the sun had retreated to the 17th degree of Dou. In the 10th year of Yuanjia of (Liu) Song (Guiyou), the sun had retreated to the 14th degree of Dou. In the 12th year of Kaiyuan of Tang (Jiazi), the sun had retreated to the 10th degree of Dou. In the 4th year of Qingli of Song (Jiashen), the sun had retreated to the 5th degree of Dou. In the 4th year of Emperor Duzong (Wuchen), the sun had retreated to the 4th degree and 2 minutes of Dou. In the 1st year of Zhizheng of Yuan (Xinsi), the sun had retreated to the 10th degree of Ji. In the 17th year of Hongwu (Jiazi), the sun had retreated to the 7th degree of Ji. In the 3rd year of Jiajing (Jiashen), at dusk the lunar mansion Shi was at the meridian, and the sun had retreated to the 3rd degree of Ji. At the winter solstice of the 40th year of Wanli (Renzi), the sun was still at 3 degrees, 19 minutes, and 19 seconds of Ji on the ecliptic, and at 4 degrees, 4 minutes, and 25 seconds of Ji on the equator. The inner path opening (inner intersection) was at the 1st degree of Bi, and the outer path opening (outer intersection) was at the initial degree of Zhen. From that point to the 16th year of Chongzhen (Guiwei), over 31 years, the difference amounted to only 1 minute and 35 seconds.
[Interlinear note] This difference is a progression (advance), not a retreat. Tang Daowei measured the winter solstice of the Shunzhi Gengzi year and found the sun to be at 3 degrees and 29 minutes of Ji.
From Jiajing Jiashen to Chongzhen Guiwei — 120 years — the sun was still advancing and had not yet retreated. This shows that the subtle movements of the celestial path also have variations in speed, and cannot be fixed by any set number of years.
[Interlinear note] Jie Zi (Jie Xuan) says: The precession of the equinoxes is not merely a matter of unequal speed. You Zi (You Yan) made detailed measurements and found that there are cases where, after advancing, it retreats again.
Now, counting back from Chongzhen Guiwei to Qingli Jiashen — 600 years — the sun had shifted by more than 12 degrees, yielding a rate of 1 degree per 50 years. From Qingli Jiashen back to Kaiyuan Jiazi — 321 years — the sun had shifted by 5 degrees, yielding a rate of 1 degree per 64 years. From Kaiyuan Jiazi back to the Han Taichu Dingchou — 827 years — the sun had shifted by 10 degrees, yielding a rate of 1 degree per 83 years. From Taichu Dingchou back to the Zhuangxiang Wang Renzi year — 145 years — the sun had shifted by 2 degrees, yielding a rate of 1 degree per 73 years. From Zhuangxiang Wang Renzi back to Emperor Yao's Jiachen year — 2,028 years — the sun had shifted by 28 degrees, yielding a rate of 1 degree per 72 years. This is the result of a detailed, segmented analysis.
[Marginal note] "北" (north) should be written as "上" (above/upper). "止" should be written as "上" (above/upper).