養蚕秘録 3巻. [3] - 翻刻

翻刻

不亦易乎記曰誠者天之道也自誠明謂之性
夫人随其成心而師之誰独無師乎心誠求之
雖不中不遠夫一気所皷塊然為形五行為質
物受其性生其自然也人惟万物之霊聴明作
元后々々民之父母也聖王臨於天下也事其自
然也其弁方正位体国経野設宦頌職随其自
然也其兪允官人魏々文章煥乎成功随其自
然也夫土生物人資物而為業々以供事聖王
量能授事四民陳力受事朝無廃官野無游民

故曰上之治下也事也能有所芸者技也技兼
被事々兼被義々兼被徳々兼被道々兼被天
夫物固有形々固有名々当謂之聖人故知不
言無為之事然後知道之紀殊形異勢不與万
物異理可以為天下始聖王居民材必因天地
寒煖澡湿広谷大川異制民生其間者異俗剛
柔軽重遅速異斉五味異和器械異制衣異宜
修其教不易其俗斎其政不易其宜五方之民
皆有性不推移也五方之民皆有安居和味宜

現代語訳

また易しいことではないか。記に曰く「誠は天の道なり。誠より明に至るを性と謂う」と。

そもそも人は各々その成心に従ってこれを師とするが、誰に師がいないということがあろうか。心を誠にしてこれを求めれば、的中しなくても遠くはない。そもそも一気が鼓動するところ、塊然として形を為し、五行が質となって、物はその性を受けてその自然を生ずるのである。人はただ万物の霊たる聴明をもって元后となし、后々は民の父母なのである。聖王が天下に臨むのも、その自然に事えるのである。その弁方正位、体国経野、設宦頌職も、その自然に随うのである。その兪允官人、魏々たる文章、煥乎たる成功も、その自然に随うのである。そもそも土は物を生じ、人は物に資して業を為し、業をもって聖王に事える。聖王は能力を量って事を授け、四民は力を陳べて事を受け、朝には廃官なく、野には游民がない。

故に曰く「上の下を治むるは事なり。能くする所ある者は技なり。技は事を兼ね被り、事は義を兼ね被り、義は徳を兼ね被り、徳は道を兼ね被り、道は天を兼ね被る」と。

そもそも物は固より形有り、形は固より名有り、名は当に聖人と謂うべし。故に無為の事を言わざるを知りて、然る後に道の紀を知る。形を殊にし勢を異にするも、万物と理を異にせず、以て天下の始と為すべし。聖王が民材に居るには必ず天地の寒煖・澡湿・広谷大川の制を異にするに因る。民がその間に生ずる者は俗を異にし、剛柔軽重遅速の斉を異にし、五味の和を異にし、器械の制を異にし、衣の宜を異にす。その教を修めてその俗を易えず、その政を斎えてその宜を易えず。五方の民は皆性有りて推移せず。五方の民は皆安居・和味・宜を有す。

英語訳

Is it not also easy? The Record says: "Sincerity is the Way of Heaven. What proceeds from sincerity to enlightenment is called nature."

Now, each person follows their formed mind and takes it as their teacher - who indeed has no teacher? If the mind sincerely seeks it, even if not hitting the mark, it will not be far off. When the one qi moves, it becomes a solid form, and the Five Elements become its substance; things receive their nature and generate their naturalness. Humans, being the most spiritual of all things, use their intelligence to become sovereign rulers, and these rulers are the father and mother of the people. When sage-kings rule over all under Heaven, they serve this naturalness. Their establishing of proper positions, organizing the state and mapping the land, setting up offices and duties - all follow this naturalness. Their approving and appointing officials, their magnificent writings, their brilliant achievements - all follow this naturalness. The earth produces things, humans rely on things to create occupations, and through these occupations they serve the sage-king. The sage-king measures abilities and assigns duties; the four classes of people present their strength and receive tasks, so that the court has no vacant offices and the countryside has no idle people.

Therefore it is said: "The ruler's governance of subjects is through tasks. Those who have abilities have skills. Skills encompass tasks, tasks encompass righteousness, righteousness encompasses virtue, virtue encompasses the Way, and the Way encompasses Heaven."

Things inherently have form, forms inherently have names, and names should properly be called sage-like. Therefore, only after knowing not to speak of non-action can one know the principles of the Way. Though forms differ and circumstances vary, they do not differ in principle from the myriad things, and can serve as the beginning for all under Heaven. When sage-kings dwell among the people's talents, they must adapt to the different systems of Heaven and Earth's cold and warmth, moisture and dryness, broad valleys and great rivers. The people living in these places have different customs, different balances of hard and soft, light and heavy, slow and fast, different harmonies of the five flavors, different systems of tools and implements, and different appropriate clothing. They cultivate their teachings without changing local customs, regulate their governance without changing what is appropriate. The people of the five directions all have natures that do not shift. The people of the five directions all have their secure dwellings, harmonious flavors, and what is appropriate.