英語訳
【Right Page】
【Outside frame, upper right】
Forty-two
【Outside frame, upper right horizontal】
Dharma Garden Meaning Mirror - Two Truths Chapter
【Outside frame, lower right horizontal】
Forty-two
【Upper Section】
Knowing that consciousness, etc., are precisely what arose from past formations and ignorance. One should not again observe the five limbs of consciousness, etc., asking "how do they exist?" By observing up to consciousness and no longer observing formation and ignorance limbs, this is called "retreating." Also, according to the meaning of Asvabhāva's treatise, one observes in reverse that old age-death exists through birth, up to name-form existing through consciousness. Consciousness in turn exists through that name-form. Since consciousness and name-form mutually serve as support, making this observation and reaching consciousness, one does not observe obtaining consciousness limb through formations, but instead observes having existence through that name-form. This is called "retreating." Therefore, when that sutra says "uniformly retreating to consciousness," this means taking ālaya-vijñāna's own essence as support, transforming without interruption. The own essence is precisely the name-form limb. Though consciousness conditions formations, saying it depends on name-form now refers to consciousness's present conditioning - observing only name-form and therefore not manifesting formations.
Regarding "First mundane... up to one true dharma-realm": Contaminated-pure reverse-forward observation, etc., has already been explained before. The seventy-seven wisdoms: There are two wisdoms conditioning present old age-death. First, conditioning present birth, there is old age-death. Second, not without conditioning present birth, there is old age-death. Because the present self creates itself. There are two wisdoms conditioning past old age-death. First, conditioning past birth, there is old age-death. Second, not without conditioning past birth, there is old age-death. Observing beginningless old age-death of the anterior limit, there is none that does not have birth as condition. There are two wisdoms conditioning future old age-death. First, conditioning future birth, there is old age-death. Though the future has not yet arisen, it allows for the meaning of abandoning contamination and returning to cessation. Now observing abandoning contamination, it becomes two wisdoms. Among these three time periods, the first wisdom
【Lower Section】
observes that effect has cause, revealing its reason. The latter wisdom observes that effect having cause is not indeterminate, refuting outsiders' false calculations of unequal causes or causeless arising. These previous six wisdoms are called "true wisdoms." The seventh dharma-abiding wisdom observes dharmas not included in the limbs, explaining that contaminated discernment has the meaning of complete knowledge. Complete knowledge of causal origination teachings of the three times is called "not included in limbs." According to this understanding, noble ones' bodies also have dharma-abiding wisdom. In ordinary beings' bodies, there is also true wisdom observation. Because observing limbs generates seven wisdoms. Beginning from old age-death and ending at formation limb, for each individual limb, all generate seven wisdoms. Therefore, there are altogether seventy-seven wisdoms. Only excluding ignorance, because wisdom seeds are lacking. Forty-four wisdoms: Observing old age-death limb makes four. First, old age-death's suffering; second, old age-death's origination; third, old age-death's cessation; fourth, practices leading to old age-death's cessation. Up to formation limb, all make this observation. Ignorance has no cause, and because wisdom seeds are lacking, it is not observed. These forty-four wisdoms, seventy-seven wisdoms, etc., are extensively explained in *Yogācāra* Volume 10.
Regarding "Already with śrāvakas... to other śrāvaka realms": What is awakened to and realized being one means the established personal emptiness suchness and non-established personal emptiness selflessness one true dharma-realm - these are what the two vehicle people equally awaken to and realize. Therefore it says "not different from śrāvakas." Aggregate dharmas and four noble truths principles are also pratyekabuddha realms. To reveal this meaning, the previous text says "pratyekabuddhas mostly condition this as realm." Therefore, not only observing dependent origination, but also concurrently observing three categories and four truths. Therefore explained as "mostly." Transmigration and return-cessation: Manifest contaminated dharmas are called "transmigration." Seed teacher dharmas are called "according with transmigration." Or all contaminated dharmas are called "transmigration." Therefore *Abhidharmasamuccaya* Volume 4 says: "What is transmigration? Namely all birth-death." Return-
【Left Page】
【Outside frame, upper left】
Forty-three
【Outside frame, upper left horizontal】
Dharma Garden Meaning Mirror - Two Truths Chapter
【Outside frame, lower left horizontal】
Forty-three
【Upper Section】
cessation: *Yogācāra* 51 says: "Return is precisely path truth, cessation is precisely cessation truth." Seeds according with manifestation, path can realize cessation. Uncontaminated seeds in form body are called "dharmas according with return-cessation."
Excluding those with great sharp faculties. Not asking about rhinoceros-horn individual practice, looking at śrāvakas in general, all are called "great sharp faculties."
Regarding "Two of bodhisattva vehicle... because obstructing one's own fruit": Awakening and clinging are also different. Question: Awakening has shallow and deep, the three vehicles each different - this principle is reasonable. Clinging has no shallow and deep, the three vehicles equally generate it. Why uniquely call it different? Explanation: Though personal clinging is the same, dharma clinging differs. What is this principle? Dharma clinging has two types: first, obstructing fruit; second, not obstructing fruit. The two vehicles' dharma clinging does not obstruct their own fruit. Bodhisattvas' dharma clinging obstructs their own vehicle's fruit. Though clinging's essence is the same, their functions differ. Therefore it says "clinging is also different."
Regarding "Second reasonable... removing self-dharma clinging": The established sixteen skillful means are the ten skillful means and six skillful means. "First aggregates, second elements," etc. - saying "skillful means" refers to dharma skillful means, both being possessive compounds. Bodhisattvas condition these ten types as objects to remove self-dharma clinging. To treat ten [types of] self, ten skillful means are explained. Various outsiders calculate form and other aggregates as one, permanent, etc. Now explaining accumulation with many dharmas and impermanent nature, five aggregates are explained to remove that clinging. Next, clinging to elements as self able to serve as cause. Now revealing seed causes, element skillful means are explained. Next, clinging to sense-fields as self able to create various dharmas. Now revealing all dharmas arise from conditions, dependent origination is explained. Next, clinging that regarding aggregates, etc., self has autonomous power, making dharmas thus and not-thus, etc. Now revealing self has no autonomous function - only through evil actions receiving unloved results, also
【Lower Section】
through good karma allowing loved results. Therefore explaining suitable-unsuitable. Next, clinging that faculties are self having ability to take superior force functions. Now revealing faculties have ability to take functions, not through self. Therefore explaining faculties.
Next, clinging that precisely regarding aggregates, etc., self is permanent. Now revealing conditioned three-time transmigration, therefore knowing aggregate-self is not permanent. Therefore explaining time. Next, clinging that self is one, serving as support for the two distinct dharmas of contamination and purity. Now revealing four truths are contamination-purity cause-effect, not through self. Therefore explaining truths. Next, clinging to self as master of contemplative practice. Now revealing three vehicles' correct wisdom as the able observer. Therefore explaining vehicles. Next, clinging to self as master of able transformation and able understanding. Now revealing conditioned essence is contamination bondage with no separate master, unconditioned is quiescent, separated from contamination bondage with no separate master. Therefore explaining conditioned-unconditioned skillful means.
Bodhisattvas observe these ten types of skillful means as realm, removing self-dharma clinging.
Regarding "*Yogācāra* explains... further adding truths": *Yogācāra* 57 explains six skillful means - the previous ten from aggregates to faculties. *Prakaraṇārtha* 14 explains seven skillful means, further adding truths. Therefore that verse says: "Regarding various aggregates, elements, sense-fields, and numerous dependent origination dharmas, suitable-unsuitable, faculties, truths' skillful matters should be known." Now pointing to that text, therefore saying "or explains." *Yogācāra* 27 explains having five skillful means: aggregates, elements, sense-fields, dependent origination, and suitable-unsuitable. *Vibhāṣā* 6 explains four skillful means: elements, sense-fields, dependent origination, and suitable-unsuitable dharmas. All as explained there.
Regarding "Third realization... because of two emptinesses' suchness": Three natures, three non-natures, consciousness-only subtle principle. Three