中山伝信録 巻一 - 翻刻

翻刻

　《割書：至＿下￣ル捐＿レ￣テ廩￣ヲ助＿レ￣テ之￣ヲ。始￣テ得＿中￣ニ全＿レ￣シテ禮￣ヲ而歸＿上￣ヿヲ。蓋甲-午￣ノ之-役。畨-舶轉-販￣スル｜者。無-慮￣テ十-餘-國。其￣ノ利既￣ニ多￣シ。故￣ニ我-衆所＿レ獲￣ル亦豐￣ナリ。辛-酉￣ノ之》
　《割書：役。畨-舶轉-販￣スル者。僅￣ニ三-四-國。其￣ノ利既￣ニ少￣シ。故￣ニ我-衆所＿レ獲￣ル亦｜減￣ス。巳-卯￣ノ之-役。通-畨禁-弛￣フ。畨-舶不＿レ至。其￣ノ利頓￣ニ絕￣フ。故我-衆》
　《割書：所＿レ獲至￣テ少￣シ。勢使＿レ然￣ラ也。今康-熙二-十-二-年癸-亥￣ノ之-役。是￣ノ｜時海-禁方￣ニ嚴￣ナリ。中-國￣ノ貨-物。外-邦爭￣テ欲＿二購-致＿一￣セント。琉-球相-近￣キ諸-》
　《割書：島。如＿二￣キ薩-摩-洲土＿レ-噶-喇七-島-等￣ノ處＿一￣ノ。皆聞＿レ￣テ風￣ヲ來-集￣ル。其￣ノ貨易￣シ｜＿レ售￣ラレ。閩-人沿-說￣シテ至＿レ￣ル今￣ニ。故￣ニ充＿レ￣ル役￣ニ者衆￣シ。昇-平日-久。琉-球歲￣ニ-來￣テ》
　《割書：貿＿二-易￣シ中-國￣ノ貨-物＿一￣ヲ。外-邦多-有。此￣ノ番封-舟到￣テ後。土-噶-喇等￣ノ｜畨-舶。無＿二 一￣モ至￣ル者＿一。本-國素￣ト貧-乏。貨多不＿レ售￣テレ。人-役並￣ニ困￣ス。法》
　《割書：當＿三禁＿二-絕￣ス商-賈利-徒之營-求＿一￣ヲ。充＿レ￣ル役￣ニ者損＿レ從￣ヲ减＿レ裝￣ヲ。一￣ハ可＿三以｜紓＿二小-邦物-力￣ノ之艱＿一￣ヲ。一￣ハ可＿三以絕＿二衆-役覬-覦￣ノ之想＿一￣ヲ。庶-幾￣クハ兩-》
　《割書：利俱￣ニ全￣カラン｜矣乎。》

【図】玻璃漏　針盤

　　更《割書：定＿レ￣ル更￣ヲ法｜》
　海-中船-行￣ノ里-數。皆以＿レ更￣ヲ計￣ル。或￣ハ云￣フ百-里￣ヲ爲＿二 一-更＿一￣ト。或￣ハ云￣フ六-
　十-里￣ヲ爲＿二 一-更＿一￣ト。或￣ハ云￣フ分＿二￣テ晝-夜＿一￣ヲ爲＿二 十-更＿一￣ト。今問＿二￣フニ海-舶￣ノ夥-長＿一￣ニ。皆
　云￣フ六-十-里之-說￣ヲ爲＿レ近￣ト。

現代語訳

（注記続き：廩を捐げてこれを助けて、始めて礼を全うして帰ることを得た。けだし甲午の役には、番舶転販する者は十余国を数え、その利既に多く、故に我が衆の獲るところも亦豊かであった。辛酉の役には、番舶転販する者は僅かに三四国、その利既に少なく、故に我が衆の獲るところも亦減った。己卯の役には、通番の禁が弛み、番舶至らず、その利頓に絶え、故に我が衆の獲るところ至って少なかった。勢いこれを然らしめるなり。今康熙二十二年癸亥の役には、この時海禁方に厳しく、中国の貨物を外邦争って購致せんと欲す。琉球に相近き諸島、薩摩州土噶喇七島等の処の如きは、皆風を聞いて来集し、その貨易して売らる。閩人沿説して今に至る。故に役に充つる者衆し。昇平日久しく、琉球歳々来たりて中国の貨物を貿易す。外邦多く有り。この番封舟到りて後、土噶喇等の番舶、一つも至る者無し。本国素より貧乏、貨多く売れず、人役並びに困す。法として当に商賈利徒の営求を禁絶すべし。役に充つる者は従を損じて装を減らす。一つは以て小邦物力の艱を紓くべく、一つは以て衆役覬覦の想を絶つべし。庶幾くは両利俱に全からんか。）

【図】玻璃漏　針盤

更（更を定める法）
海中船行の里数は、皆更を以て計る。或いは百里を一更と為すと云い、或いは六十里を一更と為すと云い、或いは昼夜を分かって十更と為すと云う。今海舶の夥長に問うに、皆六十里の説を近しと云う。

英語訳

(Continued note: Only by donating grain stores to assist them could they finally complete the ceremonies and return. In the jiawu mission, foreign ships engaged in trade from over ten countries, bringing abundant profits, so our people's gains were also plentiful. In the xinyou mission, foreign trading ships came from only three or four countries, with reduced profits, so our people's gains also decreased. In the jimao mission, trade restrictions were relaxed, foreign ships did not come, profits completely ceased, so our people's gains were extremely meager. Circumstances made it thus. Now in the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), the guihai mission, maritime trade prohibitions are strict, and foreign countries compete to purchase Chinese goods. Islands near Ryukyu, such as Satsuma Province and the seven Tokara Islands, all come gathering upon hearing news, and their goods are traded and sold. This tradition among Fujian people continues to this day, so many volunteer for service. During long periods of peace, Ryukyu comes annually to trade Chinese goods, and there are many foreign countries. After this investiture ship arrived, not a single foreign vessel from Tokara and other places came. The country is inherently poor, most goods cannot be sold, and all personnel suffer hardship. By law, the profit-seeking activities of merchants should be prohibited. Those serving should reduce their retinue and equipment. This would both alleviate the material difficulties of the small nation and eliminate the covetous desires of the personnel. Perhaps both benefits could thus be achieved.)

[Illustration] Water clock, compass

Watches (Method for determining watches)
Distances traveled by ships at sea are all calculated by watches. Some say one hundred li makes one watch, others say sixty li makes one watch, still others say dividing day and night makes ten watches. When I asked the ship's chief mate, all said the sixty-li system was most accurate.