翻刻
十
《割書： 歳。世態人情三百篇。自ら笑ふ書生甚だ多口。鼇【鰲】足をとつて天穿を補はんことを要す。》
安政五年戊午冬翁その四十五歳の時、東都に大火災あり類焼にあひ。多年心血を注ぎたる詩稿一千余首
を烏有に帰し。流石の翁も懊悩数日に及んだが。其後漸次旧作を追憶して一百三十余首を纏め「火後憶
得詩」として刊行した。翁自ら之れに序し
「吁古人一たび目を経れば、終身之を忘れざるものあり。(唐の学者王安石か？)今余自ら作る所のも
の猶ほ其十の二三だも記憶する能はず。衰病に因ると雖も亦賦性の然る所是れ嗟すべきのみ(中略)時
に新居経営未だ成らずして、箱崎邸の寓楼にあり。時恰も臘月二十八日、風雨寒甚しく、乳児は乳に
乏しく、夜間屢々泣く。頗る苦境なるも、亦詩人の常なるか。」
其困苦想ふべし。而も其詩や首々連城の珠玉たると、記憶力の偉大さとには只だ驚くの外もなし(作詩
の本領参照)
三 勤 王 愛 国
翁が熱烈なる勤王心を培つたのは、既に年少時代にあること、前章に述たる如し。長じて梁河星巌の衣
鉢を受るに至り、其の動かざる根柢は深きを致し。漸く生計の途の立てらるゝに及んで、始めて筆を載
せて漫遊の旅に就たのは天保九年二十五歳の時である、先づ筑波山に登り、水戸に出で同藩の志士會澤
正志と天下の事を論じ、太田に至り徳川光國及朱舜水の墓に謁した。水戸藩老會澤正志(名は安、字は
伯民、通称恒蔵、正志齋と号し、藩主徳川齊昭の殊遇を受け、藩校彰考舘総裁、郡奉行等を勤め、勤王
主義による新論及孝經考其他の著書あり)翁は其後屢々水戸に行遊し、藤田東湖、武田耕雲斎其他と親
交を厚ふし、藩主徳川齊昭の知遇を受るに至つた。
會澤先生席上同諸先輩賦
不知諸老是何人。酒落胸襟迥出塵。美酒千鍾能酔客。高談一坐欲回春。松標冒雪青々秀。
梅格吹香点々新。奇骨耐寒吾亦敢。歓談相見転相親。」
《割書： 知らず諸老は是何人ぞ。洒落胸襟はるかに塵を出づ。美酒千しよう能く酔はしめ。高談一座春を回さんと欲す。松標雪｜ を冒して青々として秀で。梅格香を吹て点々として新なり。奇骨寒に耐るは吾も亦敢てす。歓談相見て転た相し。》
水戸齊昭(字は子信、初名敬三郎、景山と号し、烈公と諡す)水戸七代の藩主治紀(武公)の第三子、
寛政十二年庚申三月江戸小石川邸に生れ、幼にして頴敏、文政年中兄齊脩の後を襲ぎ、英明果断、最も
勤王心の深きこと、遠祖光國の風あり。天保十一年上皇の薨するや、山陵を修め資を献じ、幕府を敬す
ると共に天朝に仕ふるは、之れ人臣たる者の最善の道なりと云ひ、上書して諡法を復し、光格天皇と称
するに至つた。また学校を起し大に皇漢学及武道の振興に努め、其治績少なからず。翁の齊昭に知られ
たるは実に、二十七歳の頃で齊昭は四十二歳である。齊昭は嘉永元年に我が羽田文庫へ「破邪集」八巻
を寄附したが。是れ翁の斡旋に依り、羽田敬雄の文庫設立に賛してのためであつた。
凡そ明治の維新回天史を説くに水戸と薩長とを閑却し難いことは何人も之を知る。水戸の如きは幕府側
よりは獅子身中の虫として睨まれ、薩長諸藩よりは水戸は学問と言論とに長じて、実行に拙なりと見縊
られ。愈よ維新の大舞台が開かれた時。水戸は国内の党争に忙しくして、殆ど一人の元勲も中央政府へ
一一
現代語訳
十
歳。世態人情三百篇。自ら笑う書生甚だ多口。鰲足を取って天穿を補わんことを要す。」
安政五年戊午の冬、翁がその四十五歳の時、東都に大火災があり類焼に遭った。多年心血を注いだ詩稿一千余首を烏有に帰し、流石の翁も懊悩すること数日に及んだが、その後漸次旧作を追憶して一百三十余首をまとめ「火後憶得詩」として刊行した。翁自らこれに序して、
「ああ古人には一たび目を経れば、終身これを忘れざる者がある。（唐の学者王安石か？）今私が自ら作る所のものでも、なおその十の二三すらも記憶することができない。衰病によるとはいえ、また生来の性質によるものでもあり、これは嘆かわしいことだ（中略）時に新居の経営がまだ成らずして、箱崎邸の寓楼にあった。時恰も臘月二十八日、風雨寒く甚だしく、乳児は乳に乏しく、夜間しばしば泣く。頗る苦境であるが、また詩人の常なのであろうか。」
その困苦は想像できる。しかもその詩はどれも連城の珠玉のようであり、記憶力の偉大さには只驚くほかない（作詩の本領参照）。
三 勤王愛国
翁が熱烈な勤王心を培ったのは、既に年少時代にあったことは前章に述べた如くである。長じて梁河星巌の衣鉢を受けるに至り、その動かざる根底は深きを致した。漸く生計の途が立てられるに及んで、始めて筆を携えて漫遊の旅に就いたのは天保九年二十五歳の時である。先ず筑波山に登り、水戸に出て同藩の志士会澤正志と天下の事を論じ、太田に至り徳川光圀及び朱舜水の墓に謁した。
水戸藩老会澤正志（名は安、字は伯民、通称恒蔵、正志斎と号し、藩主徳川斉昭の殊遇を受け、藩校彰考館総裁、郡奉行等を勤め、勤王主義による新論及び孝経考その他の著書がある）翁はその後しばしば水戸に行遊し、藤田東湖、武田耕雲斎その他と親交を厚くし、藩主徳川斉昭の知遇を受けるに至った。
会澤先生席上同諸先輩賦
「知らず諸老は是何人ぞ。洒落胸襟はるかに塵を出づ。美酒千鍾能く客を酔わしめ。高談一座春を回さんと欲す。松標雪を冒して青々として秀で。梅格香を吹いて点々として新なり。奇骨寒に耐えるは吾も亦敢えてす。歓談相見て転た相親し。」
水戸斉昭（字は子信、初名敬三郎、景山と号し、烈公と諡す）は水戸七代の藩主治紀（武公）の第三子、寛政十二年庚申三月江戸小石川邸に生まれ、幼にして穎敏、文政年中兄斉修の後を襲ぎ、英明果断、最も勤王心の深きこと、遠祖光圀の風がある。天保十一年上皇の薨去するや、山陵を修め資を献じ、幕府を敬すると共に天朝に仕えるは、これ人臣たる者の最善の道なりと言い、上書して諡法を復し、光格天皇と称するに至った。また学校を起こし大いに皇漢学及び武道の振興に努め、その治績少なくない。翁の斉昭に知られたのは実に二十七歳の頃で斉昭は四十二歳である。斉昭は嘉永元年に我が羽田文庫へ「破邪集」八巻を寄附したが、これは翁の斡旋により、羽田敬雄の文庫設立に賛同してのためであった。
おおよそ明治の維新回天史を説くに水戸と薩長とを閑却し難いことは何人もこれを知る。水戸のようなものは幕府側よりは獅子身中の虫として睨まれ、薩長諸藩よりは水戸は学問と言論とに長じて、実行に拙なりと見縊られた。いよいよ維新の大舞台が開かれた時、水戸は国内の党争に忙しくして、殆ど一人の元勲も中央政府へ
十一
英語訳
10
years. The conditions of the world and human feelings fill three hundred poems. I laugh at myself, a scholar with too many words. I would use the giant turtle's legs to patch the hole in heaven."
In the winter of Ansei 5, year of the earth horse (1858), when the Elder was forty-five years old, there was a great fire disaster in the eastern capital and he suffered from the spreading flames. More than a thousand poems into which he had poured his heart and soul for many years were reduced to nothing, and even the steadfast Elder was tormented for several days. But afterwards he gradually recalled his old works and compiled more than 130 poems, publishing them as "Poems Remembered After the Fire." The Elder wrote a preface to this himself:
"Ah, among the ancients there were those who, having once set eyes upon something, never forgot it for their entire lives. (Perhaps the Tang scholar Wang Anshi?) Now even with my own compositions, I cannot remember even two or three out of ten. Though this is due to declining health, it is also my natural disposition - how lamentable this is... (omitted) At the time my new residence was not yet completed, and I was staying in a lodging house at the Hakozaki estate. It was exactly the 28th day of the 12th month, with severe wind, rain, and cold. The nursing infant lacked milk and cried frequently through the night. Though this was quite a hardship, perhaps this too is normal for a poet."
One can imagine his hardship. Yet his poems were each like precious pearls worth multiple cities, and one can only marvel at the greatness of his memory (see the essence of poetry composition).
3. Loyalty to the Emperor and Patriotism
That the Elder cultivated a fervent spirit of loyalty to the emperor already in his youth has been described in the previous chapter. As he matured and came to receive the mantle of Ryōga Seigan, that unshakeable foundation grew deeper. When he finally established means of livelihood and first took up his brush to embark on wandering travels, it was in Tenpō 9 (1838) when he was twenty-five years old. He first climbed Mount Tsukuba, went to Mito and discussed affairs of the realm with the domain's loyalist Aizawa Seishi, then proceeded to Ōta where he paid respects at the graves of Tokugawa Mitsukuni and Zhu Shunshui.
Mito domain elder Aizawa Seishi (given name Yasushi, courtesy name Hakumin, common name Tsunezō, styled Seishisai, received special favor from domain lord Tokugawa Nariaki, served as head of the domain school Shōkōkan and district magistrate, and authored works including "New Thesis" and "Commentary on the Classic of Filial Piety" based on loyalist principles). The Elder thereafter frequently traveled to Mito, deepened his friendship with Fujita Tōko, Takeda Kōunsai and others, and came to receive the patronage of domain lord Tokugawa Nariaki.
Composed with Senior Colleagues at Master Aizawa's Gathering
"I know not who these elders are. Their refined hearts and minds far transcend the dusty world. Fine wine in a thousand cups can intoxicate guests. Lofty conversation in one gathering seeks to bring back spring. Pine peaks brave the snow, verdant and outstanding. Plum character breathes fragrance, fresh in every detail. Strange bones that endure cold - I too dare this. Joyful conversation, meeting and seeing each other, we grow ever closer."
Mito Nariaki (courtesy name Shishin, original name Keisaburō, styled Keizan, posthumously called Retsukō) was the third son of Haruki (Bukō), the seventh-generation lord of Mito domain. Born in Kansei 12, year of the metal monkey (1800), third month, at the Koishikawa estate in Edo, he was intelligent from childhood. During the Bunsei era he succeeded his elder brother Narinao. Brilliant and decisive, his profound loyalty to the emperor resembled that of his distant ancestor Mitsukuni. When the retired emperor died in Tenpō 11, he repaired the imperial mausoleum and献offered funds, saying that respecting the shogunate while serving the imperial court was the best way for a retainer. He submitted a petition to restore the posthumous naming system, leading to the title Emperor Kōkaku. He also established schools and greatly promoted imperial and Chinese learning as well as martial arts, achieving considerable administrative accomplishments. The Elder came to Nariaki's attention when he was about twenty-seven years old and Nariaki was forty-two. In Kaei 1 (1848), Nariaki donated eight volumes of "Collection for Destroying Heresy" to our Haneda Library, which was through the Elder's mediation in support of Haneda Takao's library establishment.
Generally, in explaining the history of the Meiji Restoration, no one can ignore the roles of Mito and Satsuma-Chōshū. Mito was viewed by the shogunate side as a viper in their bosom, while the Satsuma-Chōshū domains looked down on Mito as being skilled in scholarship and rhetoric but poor at practical action. When the great stage of the Restoration finally opened, Mito was busy with internal factional strife and sent virtually no founding fathers to the central government.
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