中山伝信録 巻一 - 翻刻

翻刻

　《割書：至捐廩助之始得全禮而歸蓋甲午之役畨舶轉販｜者無慮十餘國其利既多故我衆所獲亦豐辛酉之》
　《割書：役畨舶轉販者僅三四國其利既少故我衆所獲亦｜減巳卯之役通畨禁弛畨舶不至其利頓絕故我衆》
　《割書：所獲至少勢使然也今康煕二十二年癸亥之役是｜時海禁方嚴中國貨物外邦爭欲購致琉球相近諸》
　《割書：島如薩摩洲土噶喇七島等處皆聞風來集其貨易｜售閩人沿說至今故充役者衆昇平日久琉球歲來》
　《割書：貿易中國貨物外邦多有此畨封舟到後土噶喇等｜畨舶無一至者本國素貧乏貨多不售人役並困法》
　《割書：當禁絕商賈利徒之營求充役者損從减裝一可以｜紓小邦物力之艱一可以絕衆役覬覦之想庶幾兩》
　《割書：利俱全｜矣乎》

【図】玻璃漏　針盤

　　更《割書：定更法｜》
　海中船行里數皆以更計或云百里爲一更或云六
　十里爲一更或云分晝夜爲十更今問海舶夥長皆
　云六十里之說爲近

現代語訳

《捐廩助を始めてようやく全礼を得て帰ることができた。蓋し甲午の役では番舶の転販者は十余国を下らず、その利が既に多かったので我が衆の所獲も豊かであった。辛酉の役では番舶の転販者は僅か三四国、その利が既に少なかったので我が衆の所獲も減った。己卯の役では通番禁が弛み、番舶が至らず、その利が頓に絶えたので我が衆の所獲は至って少なくなった。勢いがそうさせたのである。今、康熙二十二年癸亥の役は、この時海禁が方に厳しく、中国貨物を外邦が争って購致しようとし、琉球に相近い諸島、薩摩洲・土噶喇七島等の処は皆風を聞いて来集し、その貨は易く售れた。閩人は今に至るまで沿説している。故に充役者が衆く、昇平日久しく、琉球は歳々来って貿易し、中国貨物を外邦が多く有していた。この番封舟が到った後、土噶喇等の番舶は一つも至る者がなく、本国は素より貧乏で貨多く售れず、人役は並んで困った。法として当に商賈利徒の営求を禁絶し、充役者は損従减装すべきである。一つには小邦物力の艱を紓くことができ、一つには衆役の覬覦の想を絶つことができ、庶幾くは両利俱に全うできるであろう》

【図】玻璃漏　針盤

　　更《更を定むる法》
海中の船行里数は皆更を以て計る。或いは云う、百里を一更と為すと。或いは云う、六十里を一更と為すと。或いは云う、昼夜を分けて十更と為すと。今海舶の夥長に問えば皆云う、六十里の説が近いと。

英語訳

<<Only when stipend donations began could we obtain full ceremony and return. In the jiawu mission, foreign ships engaged in resale trade numbered no less than ten-odd countries, and because their profits were already substantial, our people's gains were also abundant. In the xinyou mission, foreign ships engaged in resale trade were merely three or four countries, and because their profits were already small, our people's gains also decreased. In the jimao mission, the prohibition on foreign trade was relaxed, foreign ships did not arrive, profits were completely cut off, so our people's gains were extremely meager. This was the natural result of circumstances. Now, in the Kangxi 22nd year guihai mission, at this time the maritime prohibition was strictly enforced, foreign countries competed to purchase Chinese goods, and islands near Ryukyu such as Satsuma, Tokara Seven Islands and other places all came upon hearing the news, and their goods sold easily. Fujian people still tell of this today. Therefore, many sought service, and during this long period of peace, Ryukyu came annually to trade, and foreign countries possessed many Chinese goods. After this imperial ship arrived, not one foreign vessel from Tokara and other places came, the country was inherently poor, most goods did not sell, and the personnel were all in distress. By law, the profit-seeking of merchants and opportunists should be prohibited, and those serving should reduce their loads and equipment. This would both relieve the material difficulties of the small kingdom and eliminate the covetous thoughts of the many servants - perhaps both benefits could be achieved>>

[Diagram] Glass hourglass Compass

　　Watches <<Method for determining watches>>
The distance traveled by ships at sea is all calculated by watches. Some say one hundred li makes one watch. Some say sixty li makes one watch. Some say dividing day and night makes ten watches. Now when asking ship bosuns, they all say the sixty li theory is closest.