英語訳
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From the 8th through the 12th, officials rushed about frantically without time to sleep or eat, directing local residents and engaging in flood prevention efforts, but the water's force was so sudden and violent that it was truly unstoppable, and they ultimately faced the misfortune of breaches at several locations.
The Suga embankment in Agui Town, Shimohabu District, had been under threat since the 10th, with residents giving their full efforts to defense, but it finally breached at 11:30 PM on the 12th. With this, unless the lateral embankment at Yaguchi, downstream from the same location, could hold back the floodwaters, the muddy current would flow into Naganuma and spread across several towns and villages including Toyosumi, Yayoi, Hisumi, Nakago, and Narita. Residents were desperately working to prevent this. Also, the Tagawa embankment of Toyosumi Village on the north bank of the Lower Tone River had repeatedly generated dangerous situations since the 13th, becoming inundated on both sides and now holding out in isolation. Further, upstream from Agui Town, the areas of Yayoi Village's Otake and Sakanao were completely overtopped by more than two feet, and the entire center of Agui Town was flooded, with more than half the residences submerged up to their eaves. Police officers boarded small boats to arrange water provisions and coordinate rescue efforts for those facing starvation.
The damage caused by the aforementioned breach of the Suga embankment was as follows:
Flooded houses: 135 / Agui Town Hall: 1 building / Temple: 1 building / Damaged farmland: approximately 560 chōbu (町歩) and more / Houses washed away: 2 / Injured: 3 persons (all minor injuries)
Additionally, the embankments along the Inba District coastline spanning Otake and Matsuzaki in Yayoi Village, Kozutsu Village, Kita-Suga, and Yashiro of the same village had been completely overtopped, and although every effort was being made to defend them, there was no prospect of success. If these embankments were to breach, approximately 450 chōbu of farmland and more than 130 households would inevitably suffer flooding. Furthermore, due to the backflow of floodwater from Inba Swamp, seven sub-districts of Chiba District's Mutsumi Village—Hirado, Sayama, Makino, Koike, Heda, Kuwano, and Mugimaru—had approximately 70% of their farmland and 4 buildings flooded. At 4 AM on the 16th, four temporary embankments at Funado, Sahara Town, and one at Motokagan breached, one house was washed away, and damage extended to Tsunomiya and Okura. At 11 AM on the 15th, the Mukaisu embankment in Sahara Town breached and three houses were washed away, though there were no human or animal casualties.
【● Flood Damage in Ibaraki Prefecture】
Flood damage in Ibaraki Prefecture According to a report issued from Ibaraki Prefecture on July 22nd, the Watarase River had risen to a level of 1 jō 9 shaku 8 sun (approximately 6 meters), there were many dangerous locations, and the water level had not yet stopped rising. Other rivers were also flooding.
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It was further reported that, due to the violent storms since the 20th, among the rivers in the prefecture, the Kinugawa River in Makabe District's Isan Village had risen 1 jō 6 shaku, the Akabori River in Sashima District's Shizumura had risen 1 jō 6 shaku, and the Middle Tone River at Toride Town in Kita-Soma District had risen 9 shaku. There was moderate damage to embankments and other structures. The Kuji River at Kozawa Village in Kuji District rose 5 shaku 8 sun, and the Naka River at Kamitakeno Village in Higashi-Ibaraki District rose 9 shaku 5 sun, all recording increases.
The report of August 4th was as follows: Due to the flooding of various rivers, rice paddies were inundated and damage to farmland was extraordinary. The total damaged area in ten districts including Sashima District amounted to 17,956 tan of paddies and 25,324 tan of dry fields. Given these conditions, significant reductions in the harvests of rice, mulberry, soybeans, adzuki beans, tobacco, and other crops were to be expected.
Flood on the Naka River in Ibaraki Prefecture The heavy rains of several days reached their peak on September 11th, when water levels increased further and ultimately resulted in an unprecedented flood. The fields and gardens along the river transformed into a vast, misty lake stretching to the horizon, and despite the best efforts of officials and civilians to guard against and prevent the damage, the muddy torrent swelled and overflowed uncontrollably. The Hamaji Bridge spanning the Naka River, despite thorough defensive efforts, ultimately was washed away on the 10th. The Chitose Bridge in Nakagōchi was washed away the previous day, and then the Midori Bridge at Aoyagi was struck amidships by the bridge timbers from the upstream Chitose Bridge, which could not be deflected, and was destroyed save for about 20 ken (approximately 36 meters) remaining along the southern Tokiwa riverbank. The Kaimo Bridge spanning between Minato and Iwaimachi at the lowest point downstream also suffered the loss of 6 ken from the front of the opening mechanism and 8 ken from the south side—14 ken in total—creating a scene of terrible destruction.
The villages of Tokiwa, Watari, and Yanagawa were inundated by the rising Naka River and presented the appearance of a lake, with the Iitomi area similarly affected. In Watari, more than 70 houses were flooded, in Ono more than 20, and all fields and paddies were inundated.
In Tokiwa Village at Furo-no-ue and along the Tokiwa riverbank, the devastation was particularly severe. Along the Tokiwa River bank, only a plot of about two tsubo (approximately 6.6 square meters) remained dry beside the Midori Bridge, while everything else was submerged. The more than 40 households had water nearly reaching their ridgepoles, and much household property was washed away. They were barely managing to prevent the houses themselves from being swept off. In Furo-no-shita, muddy water had penetrated to below floor level in more than 20 houses with raised floors, while all others were submerged. Fortunately, there were no casualties among people or animals, nor were any houses washed away, but the damage was surely not negligible. The fields and paddies of Yanagawa on the far bank from Watari and Tokiwa upstream were entirely underwater, with houses standing here and there in the water. Rescue boats rowed back and forth, conveying household goods, paying visits to the stranded, and distributing cooked food; the confusion defied description. The Ota Highway was identifiable only by the telephone poles standing along it, and the water actually reached a depth of 5 to 6 shaku (approximately 1.5 to 1.8 meters).
Flood damage in the Lower City (Shimo-ichi) The lower city of Mito suffered flood damage as muddy water that overflowed the Naka River embankment and the backflowing muddy water from small streams together inundated nearly half of the lower city. People rushed about in all directions; rescue boats were rowed here and there throughout the city; and the state of confusion was beyond the power of pen and paper to describe fully. Across all the districts, nearly 200 houses had their floors raised due to flooding, and the total number of flooded houses likely reached several hundred, though a detailed survey was not yet possible. The fields and paddies were entirely submerged, and the extent of agricultural damage was certainly not small. The Sugiyama riverbank was soon overwhelmed by the muddy current, overflowing and rushing so that roads were impassable. Water swept in full force along Motokura Street, invading part of Sangen-chō, then flooding the entire area near the temple gates. From the far bank, the entire strip along the Naka River through Hana-machi, Kuramae, Shin-machi, Funago, and Hosoya was filled with muddy water. Nakanomachi, □-chō, Hasuike-chō, and Kōjin-chō were largely overwhelmed by water, with roads impassable, and boats were used to cross and traverse in every direction to engage in rescue work. Particularly severe were Kajimachi, Akanuma-chō, Baba, and Daikan-chō; in this area only the Tokiwa Railway tracks were not submerged, and on both sides of the tracks there was nothing but water as far as the eye could see. From Baba to Akanuma-chō, the conditions were especially catastrophic, with water depths of 5 to 6 shaku. The bridge over the Ishigaki River was completely submerged. The surging floodwaters were about to invade even the main street (Honmachi-dōri) in the city; Kanejimachi-dōri was nearly flooded to floor level, and the 8th and 9th districts of the Minato Highway were also not spared from flooding. It was said that the water would continue to rise until around 10 PM, and the city residents had no peace of mind.
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The state of confusion and terror was pitiable beyond words. Although the number of flooded houses and extent of agricultural damage were not yet known, the terrifyingly rushing muddy current washed against houses and swept the ground clean; some fled their homes early and barely escaped disaster, while others expressed gratitude for the assistance and cooked food provided by relatives and friends. The scene resembled nothing so much as the chaos of a battlefield, and was the height of tragedy. According to reports, a flood of this scale was rare to see, being the worst in twenty or thirty years.
Evacuation and food relief The lower city elementary school was used as a refuge, and the Mito Silk Reeling Company provided the site for food distribution. Until the previous day, those receiving distributed food had reached three to four hundred persons.
【● Flood Damage in Gunma Prefecture】
Flood damage in Ozaki Town and Sawano Village and other areas of Nitta District was truly severe. Due to the breach in the Kiryu River bank reinforcement works, the entire Toan embankment area transformed into an expansive lake, and 15 to 16 houses in the area known as Saikachi-hara downstream were buried in water, with only several feet of their rooftops visible above the surface.
Damage along the Tone River In Shima Village of Sawa District, Gunma Prefecture, along the Tone River, from around 7 PM on July 20th, the Tone River began to rise, and places like Maejima became like isolated islands. Nishijima, Kitamuki, and other areas were heavily flooded, and all the low-lying land along the mulberry gardens and riverbeds on both banks was inundated. An area of about 30 chō (approximately 300,000 square meters) transformed into a vast muddy sea, and the sound of the pressing water was frightening. By around 8 PM, the water level had reached about 1 jō 4 shaku (approximately 4.2 meters), and by around 9 PM, the embankment breached for about 60 ken (approximately 109 meters) downstream, and the floodwaters swept in a surging torrent toward Niino, turning the entire area including Yokose Shinden in Saitama Prefecture into a lake. Furthermore, the Tone River banks near Tamamura Town and Shibane Village in the same district featured cliffs more than 3 jō (approximately 9 meters) high that had not suffered any breach or flooding for 40 to 50 years; however, the current floodwaters inundated even these cliffs over 3 jō high. In particular, low-lying areas including three locations in Fukushima Village within Tamamura Town and three locations in Saida Village within the same town began flooding from around 5 PM on the 21st, but through the efforts of the local police station and fire brigade...