中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　中所見比中国産者特小僅如細黒豆　異産有番
　薯在処皆有之犂種沙土中蔓生蔽野人以為糧功
　並粒食家種芭蕉数十本縷糸織為蕉布男女冬夏
　皆衣之利匹蚕桑明冊使蕭崇業夏子陽旧録云土
　不植棉地不宜茶今亦間有之但不甚繁植云
　蔬有白菜芥菜菠菜蘿蔔香菜糸瓜冬瓜茄子刀豆
　蚕豆芋葱蒜韭薑胡椒薤芹薺蕨瓠萲荽茴菜茼蒿
　香菰紫菜菘木耳石花菜　異産有海帯菜女蒡辣
　蕎茯苓菜罋菜又有松露土音称為蓄蘿九十月中
　生大松樹下土中実円白色菌類味鮮美産具志頭
　者尤良灰色者生牛糞中不可食《割書：海菜有海帯一名｜昆布又有紅菜類》
　《割書：石花菜而少匾出海灘｜中又有鶏脚菜麒麟菜》
　木有松栢檜杉榕樟梔柳槐棕櫚黄楊梧桐甚少異
　産有樫木等
　[樫木]一名羅漢杉葉短厚三稜与中国羅漢松同木
　理堅膩国中造屋樑柱皆用之諸島皆有出奇界者
　尤良
　[福木]葉如冬青特大対節生長二寸許如腰子形厚

現代語訳

中に見る所は中国産の者に比べて特に小さく、僅かに細い黒豆の如し。異産に番薯あり、在る処みなこれあり。犂で沙土の中に種を蒔き、蔓が生えて野を蔽う。人これを糧とし、功績は粒食に並ぶ。家で芭蕉数十本を種え、糸を縷して織りて蕉布となす。男女冬夏みなこれを衣とし、蚕桑に匹敵する利あり。明の冊使蕭崇業・夏子陽の旧録に云う「土は棉を植えず、地は茶に宜しからず」と。今またまれにこれあるも、但だ甚だ繁植せずと云う。

蔬菜には白菜・芥菜・菠菜・蘿蔔・香菜・糸瓜・冬瓜・茄子・刀豆・蚕豆・芋・葱・蒜・韭・薑・胡椒・薤・芹・薺・蕨・瓠・萲荽・茴菜・茼蒿・香菰・紫菜・菘・木耳・石花菜あり。異産には海帯菜・女蒡・辣蕎・茯苓菜・罋菜あり。また松露あり、土音でこれを蓄蘿と称す。九、十月中に大松樹の下の土中に生ず。実は円く白色、菌類で味鮮美なり。具志頭に産する者尤も良く、灰色の者は牛糞中に生じ食すべからず。《注記：海菜に海帯あり、一名昆布。また紅菜あり、石花菜類にして少し扁平、海灘中に出る。また鶏脚菜・麒麟菜あり》

木には松・栢・檜・杉・榕・樟・梔・柳・槐・棕櫚・黄楊・梧桐あり。甚だ少なし。異産には樫木等あり。

【樫木】一名羅漢杉。葉は短く厚く三稜で、中国の羅漢松と同じ。木理は堅く膩らかで、国中の家屋の樑柱を造るにみなこれを用いる。諸島みなこれあるも、奇界に出る者尤も良し。

【福木】葉は冬青の如く特に大きく、対節に生じ、長さ二寸許り。腰子の形の如く厚し。

英語訳

What is seen here compared to Chinese varieties is particularly small, barely like fine black beans. Among unique products is sweet potato (banshō), found everywhere. It is planted by plow in sandy soil, with vines spreading to cover the fields. People use it as food, with benefits comparable to grain consumption. Households plant dozens of banana plants, drawing fibers to weave into banana cloth. Men and women wear this in both winter and summer, providing benefits equal to sericulture. The old records of Ming册使 (investiture envoys) Xiao Chongye and Xia Ziyang state: "The soil does not grow cotton, the land is not suitable for tea." Now there are occasional instances of these, but they say cultivation is not very extensive.

Vegetables include Chinese cabbage, mustard greens, spinach, radish, coriander, luffa, winter melon, eggplant, sword beans, broad beans, taro, scallions, garlic, Chinese chives, ginger, pepper, Chinese onion, celery, shepherd's purse, bracken fern, bottle gourd, cilantro, fennel, crown daisy, mushrooms, purple laver, bok choy, wood ear mushrooms, and agar seaweed. Unique products include kelp, burdock, spicy buckwheat, poria vegetable, and jar vegetable. There are also pine mushrooms, called "chikura" in the local pronunciation. They grow in the soil under large pine trees during the ninth and tenth months. The fruiting bodies are round and white, a type of fungus with fresh and delicious taste. Those produced in Gushikami are especially good; gray ones grow in cattle dung and are inedible. [Note: Among sea vegetables is kelp, also called kombu. There are also red vegetables, similar to agar seaweed but somewhat flattened, found on beaches. There are also chicken-foot seaweed and kirin seaweed.]

Trees include pine, cypress, Japanese cypress, cedar, banyan, camphor, gardenia, willow, pagoda tree, palm, boxwood, and Chinese parasol tree, though very few. Unique species include oak and others.

[Oak] Also called Arhat cedar. The leaves are short, thick, and three-angled, same as Chinese Arhat pine. The wood grain is hard and smooth; it is used for all beams and pillars in house construction throughout the country. It exists on all islands, but those from Kikai are especially good.

[Fukugi] Leaves are like holly but particularly large, growing in opposite pairs, about two inches long, thick and shaped like kidneys.