中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　弓長七尺余卓地高斉屋簷箭比中国箭乃較短一
　握許射必卓地執靶時不在正中乃就下窄処扣絃
　発矢皆用決拾如古制　発不甚遠旧録云射二百
　歩外則未之見

　　月令
　正月　桃夭《割書：碧桃絳桃桜桃｜俱於是月開》　長春始栄《割書：四季開此｜月尤盛》
　蠶豆食新　鶯舌有簧　蛇出於穴　始電　雷乃
　発声　枇杷熟《割書：与中国無異形略長如｜棗元旦食新為百果先》
　二月　木筆書空　海棠紅　棠棣華　春菊有芳
　《割書：百合麗春花｜俱於此月開》　月橘子紅《割書：月桔一名十里香花六月｜開子紅纍纍至此月満樹》
　萍始生　田豆收　蟋蟀鳴　蟄竜出於海
　三月　粟蘭香　石竹花《割書：玫瑰薔薇藤蘿罌｜粟俱於此月開》　紫蘇
　生　諸豆畢種　王瓜登於市　麦乃秋　虹始見

現代語訳

弓は長さ七尺余りで、地面に立てると屋根の軒と同じ高さになる。矢は中国の矢と比べてやや短く、一握り程度である。射る時は必ず地面に立てて的を狙う。弓を握る時は正中央ではなく、下の細くなった部分で弦を引く。矢を放つ時は皆、決と拾を用いて古制に従っている。射程距離はそれほど遠くなく、旧録には「二百歩外を射る」とあるが、それは見たことがない。

月令（季節の様相）
正月　桃の花が咲く（割書：碧桃・絳桃・桜桃がすべてこの月に開花する）　長春（四季咲きの花）が咲き始める（割書：四季を通して咲くが、この月が最も盛んである）　蚕豆の新豆を食べる　鶯が美しく鳴く　蛇が穴から出る　雷が鳴り始める　枇杷が熟する（割書：中国のものと同じで、形はやや長く棗のよう。元旦に新しいものを食べて百果の先駆けとする）

二月　木蓮が空に向かって咲く　海棠が紅く咲く　棠棣の花が咲く　春菊が香る（割書：百合・麗春花もこの月に咲く）　月橘の実が赤くなる（割書：月桔は別名十里香といい、花は六月に咲く。実は赤く房状になり、この月に樹いっぱいに実る）　浮き草が生え始める　田豆を収穫する　蟋蟀が鳴く　冬眠していた竜が海に出る

三月　粟蘭が香る　石竹の花が咲く（割書：玫瑰・薔薇・藤蘿・罌粟もこの月に咲く）　紫蘇が生える　諸々の豆をすべて植え終える　王瓜が市場に出る　麦が実る　虹が見え始める

英語訳

Bows are over seven feet long, and when stood upright on the ground, they reach the height of house eaves. Arrows are somewhat shorter than Chinese arrows by about one grip's length. When shooting, they always plant the bow on the ground to aim at the target. When gripping the bow, they do not hold it in the exact center but grasp it at the narrower part below to draw the string. When releasing arrows, they all use thumb rings (決) and arm guards (拾) following ancient customs. The shooting range is not very far; while old records mention "shooting beyond two hundred paces," I have not witnessed such distances.

Monthly Calendar (Seasonal Observations)
First Month: Peach blossoms bloom (marginal note: blue peaches, crimson peaches, and cherry peaches all bloom in this month). Long-blooming flowers begin to flourish (marginal note: they bloom throughout the four seasons, but this month is their peak). New broad beans are eaten. Bush warblers sing melodiously. Snakes emerge from their holes. Thunder begins to sound. Loquats ripen (marginal note: same as in China, shaped somewhat long like dates. Eating fresh ones on New Year's Day makes them the first of a hundred fruits).

Second Month: Magnolias write upon the sky. Crabapple blossoms turn red. Cherry blossoms bloom. Spring chrysanthemums are fragrant (marginal note: lilies and spring beauty flowers also bloom this month). Orange citrus fruits turn red (marginal note: moon oranges, also called "ten-li fragrance," flower in the sixth month. The fruits hang in red clusters, filling the trees in this month). Duckweed begins to grow. Field beans are harvested. Crickets chirp. Hibernating dragons emerge into the sea.

Third Month: Millet orchids are fragrant. Carnations bloom (marginal note: roses, wild roses, wisteria, and poppies also bloom this month). Purple shiso grows. All varieties of beans finish being planted. Snake gourds appear in the markets. Wheat ripens. Rainbows begin to appear.