中山伝信録 巻一 - 翻刻

翻刻

　再遣使蕭崇業夏子陽皆有錄而前後相襲崇禎六
　年杜三策從客胡靖記尤俚誕　本朝康煕二年兵
　科張學禮使畧雜錄二卷頗詳於昔二十二年檢討
　汪楫譔中山沿革志二卷雜錄五卷典實遠非前比
　然於山川轄屬仍有闕畧風俗制度物產等亦俱未
　備蓋使期促廹摉討倉猝語言文字彼此訛謬是以
　所聞異詞傳焉寡信今《割書：臣｜》奉
命爲檢討《割書：臣｜》海寳副以往自巳亥六月朔至國候汛踰
　年至庚子二月十六日始行計在中山凡八閱月封
　宴之暇先致語國王求示中山世鑑及山川圖籍又
　時與其大夫之通文字譯詞者遍遊山海間遠近形
　勢皆在目中考其制度禮儀觀風問俗下至一物異
　狀必詢名以得其實見聞互証與之往復去疑存信
　因并海行針道封宴諸儀圖狀并列編爲六卷雖未
　敢自謂一無舛漏以云傳信或庶幾焉且諸史於外
　邦載記大率荒畧今琉球雖隔大海新測晷景與福
　州東西相値僅一千七百里世世受封歲歲來貢與
　内地無異伏觀

現代語訳

再び使者として蕭崇業と夏子陽を派遣し、両者とも記録を残したが、前後で内容が重複している。崇禎6年には杜三策が従客の胡靖と共に記録を作成したが、特に俗っぽく荒唐無稽な内容であった。本朝康熙2年には兵科の張学礼が使者として派遣され、『略雑録』2巻を著したが、これは以前のものより詳細であった。22年には検討官の汪楫が『中山沿革志』2巻と『雑録』5巻を著し、その内容の充実ぶりは前代の比ではなかった。しかし山川の管轄については依然として欠落や省略があり、風俗・制度・物産なども完備されていなかった。これは使命の期限が切迫しており、調査が急ごしらえで、言語・文字についても双方に誤りがあったため、聞いたことが異なって伝わり、信頼性に欠けたからである。今回、臣は検討官として命を奉じ、海宝を副使として同行した。己亥年6月朔日に琉球国に到着し、季節風を待って一年を過ごし、庚子年2月16日にようやく出発した。中山に滞在したのは合計8か月であった。冊封の宴会の合間に、まず国王に中山世鑑や山川図籍の提示を求め、また時折、文字に通じて通訳をする大夫たちと共に山海の間を遍歴し、遠近の地形がすべて目に入った。その制度や礼儀を考察し、風俗を観察して尋ね、一つの物でも変わった形状があれば必ずその名前を問い、実態を把握した。見聞きしたことを互いに照合し、往復して疑問を除き、信頼できるものを残した。そして海路の針路や冊封・宴会の諸儀礼についても図や状況を併せて編纂し、6巻にまとめた。まだ自分では一つの間違いも漏れもないとは敢えて言わないが、情報を伝えるという点ではほぼ達成できたであろう。そして諸史書の外国に関する記載は概して粗略である。今、琉球は大海を隔てているとはいえ、新たに測定した日影によると福州と東西で相対し、わずか1700里の距離にある。代々冊封を受け、年々朝貢しており、内地と変わりはない。伏して観るに

英語訳

[The Ming] again dispatched envoys Xiao Chongye and Xia Ziyang, both of whom left records, but their accounts overlapped with previous ones. In the 6th year of Chongzhen, Du Sance accompanied by his attendant Hu Jing made records that were particularly vulgar and absurd. In the 2nd year of Kangxi of our current dynasty, Zhang Xueli of the Ministry of War served as envoy and wrote the "Brief Miscellaneous Records" in 2 volumes, which was more detailed than previous works. In the 22nd year, Compiler Wang Ji wrote the "Chronicle of Chuzan's Historical Changes" in 2 volumes and "Miscellaneous Records" in 5 volumes, whose substantial content was incomparable to earlier works. However, regarding the jurisdiction of mountains and rivers, there were still omissions and gaps, and customs, institutions, and products were also not completely covered. This was because the mission's deadline was pressing, investigations were hastily conducted, and there were errors in language and writing on both sides, causing what was heard to be transmitted differently and lack credibility. Now, I have received orders to serve as Compiler, with Haibao as Vice-envoy accompanying me. We arrived in the Ryukyu Kingdom on the first day of the sixth month of the jihai year, waited for favorable winds for over a year, and finally departed on the 16th day of the second month of the gengzi year. We stayed in Chuzan for a total of eight months. During intervals between investiture ceremonies and banquets, I first requested the king to show us the Chuzan Seikan (Chronicle of Chuzan) and geographical records of mountains and rivers. I also frequently traveled throughout the mountains and seas with their officials who were versed in writing and translation, taking in all the distant and near topographical features. I examined their institutions and ceremonies, observed customs and made inquiries. For even a single object with an unusual form, I would invariably ask its name to ascertain its reality. I cross-referenced what I saw and heard, went back and forth to eliminate doubts and preserve what was reliable. I also compiled the sea routes, navigation courses, and various ceremonies of investiture and banquets into illustrations and descriptions, editing them into six volumes. While I dare not claim there are no errors or omissions, I believe I have nearly achieved the goal of transmitting reliable information. Moreover, the records of foreign countries in various histories are generally crude and sketchy. Now, although Ryukyu is separated by the great sea, according to new measurements of sun shadows, it lies directly east-west of Fuzhou at a distance of merely 1,700 li. Generation after generation receives investiture, and year after year pays tribute, no different from the interior territories. Humbly observing,