中山伝信録 巻一 - 翻刻

翻刻

　　坤者方位又各不同今指南廣義所錄則專言針
　　混言風又多用卯針故往往落北不見姑米而見
　　葉壁也後人或不見山不可信接封者主張卯針
　　當深翫夏汪二錄酌風叅用辰㢲等針將船身提
　　上則保不下葉壁矣
　　後海行日記
　二月十六日癸丑巳刻封舟自琉球那霸開洋用小
　船百餘引出港口琉球官民夾岸送者數千人小船
　堅旗夾船左右送者數百槳是日晴明南風送颿用
　乾亥針一更半單乾針四更過馬齒安根呢度那奇
　等山海水滄黑色日入見姑米山二點離二更半許
　夜轉丁未西南風十三漏轉坤未風用乾戌三更半
　風有力頭巾頂索連斷三次
　十七日甲寅日出龍二見于船左右水沸立二三丈
　轉西北風用單子針一更日入至十四漏轉坤未風
　用乾戌一更夜見月至明
　十八日乙卯日出用單乾乾戌四更日入至十四漏
　西南風有力用乾戌四更半夜見月至明

現代語訳

坤の方角もまた各々異なる。今、『指南広義』に記録されているものは専ら針路について述べ、風について混同して言い、また多く卯針を用いるため、しばしば北に落ちて姑米を見ずに葉壁を見ることになる。後の人で山が見えない場合は信用できないとし、封舟の責任者が卯針を主張するが、夏と汪の二つの記録を深く玩味し、風を酌量して辰巽等の針路を参用し、船体を持ち上げれば、葉壁に下がることはないであろう。

後海行日記

二月十六日癸丑巳刻、封舟は琉球那覇から出港し、小船百余隻に港口まで引かれて出た。琉球の官民が岸の両側に送る者数千人、小船が旗を立てて船の左右に付き添い送る者数百艘であった。この日は晴天で南風が帆を送り、乾亥針を一更半用い、単乾針を四更用いて馬齒、安根呢、度那奇等の山を過ぎた。海水は蒼黒色で、日入に姑米山二点が見え、距離は二更半ほどであった。夜に丁未西南風に転じ、十三漏で坤未風に転じ、乾戌を三更半用いた。風は力があり、頭巾頂索が連続して三回断れた。

十七日甲寅、日の出に龍が二匹船の左右に現れ、水が沸き立って二三丈立ち上がった。西北風に転じて単子針を一更用い、日入から十四漏まで坤未風に転じ、乾戌を一更用いた。夜は月が見え明るかった。

十八日乙卯、日の出に単乾乾戌を四更用い、日入から十四漏まで西南風が力強く、乾戌を四更半用いた。夜は月が見え明るかった。

英語訳

The Kun directions also each differ. What is now recorded in the "Compass Guide" (Shinan Guangyi) discusses exclusively compass bearings, speaks confusedly about winds, and frequently uses the Mao compass bearing, thus often falling north, not seeing Gumi but seeing Hekibi instead. Later people who cannot see mountains claim this is unreliable, and those in charge of the tribute ships insist on the Mao compass bearing. One should deeply study the two records of Xia and Wang, consider the winds and use Chen-Xun and other compass bearings in combination, lifting the ship's position to ensure it does not fall to Hekibi.

Logbook of the Return Voyage

February 16th, Gui-Chou day, at the Si hour, the tribute ship departed from Naha, Ryukyu, guided out of the harbor by over a hundred small boats. Several thousand Ryukyu officials and civilians lined both shores to see them off, with several hundred small boats flying flags accompanying the ship on left and right. This day was clear with a south wind filling the sails. Used Qian-Hai compass bearing for one and a half watches, then single Qian compass bearing for four watches, passing mountains including Kerama, Aguni, and Tonaki. The seawater was deep black in color. At sunset, saw Gumi Mountain at two points, distance about two and a half watches. At night turned to Ding-Wei southwest wind, at the thirteenth hour turned to Kun-Wei wind, used Qian-Xu for three and a half watches. The wind was strong, and the turban top rope broke three times in succession.

17th day, Jia-Yin, at sunrise two dragons appeared on the left and right of the ship, with water boiling up two or three fathoms high. Turned to northwest wind, used single Zi compass bearing for one watch. From sunset to the fourteenth hour turned to Kun-Wei wind, used Qian-Xu for one watch. The night was bright with moonlight.

18th day, Yi-Mao, at sunrise used single Qian and Qian-Xu for four watches. From sunset to the fourteenth hour, southwest wind was strong, used Qian-Xu for four and a half watches. The night was bright with moonlight.