琉球沿革志 下 - 翻刻

翻刻

【右丁】
　《割書：に因て唐貨に乏しからず因て此役僅に六千金を得る
と云己卯は天順三年英宗重祚の時尚泰久の世に当る
泰久の封王は景帝の景泰六年乙亥の歳にあり冊使の
琉球に至るは天順三年ならんか　本朝長禄三年将軍
義政頻に明国と通好せられし時なれは僅に三千金を得て
大に望を失ふと云蓋甲午の役番舶転販する者十餘国
番舶と称するは薩州或は其属島等をさして云故に其
利に多しといへり辛酉の役にて僅三四国なる故に其
利既に少く己卯の役には通番の禁弛む故に其利頓に
絶ゆとは通番の禁弛とは将軍義持父の遺命に因て明
国通好を停められしに義教の時復聘問せられ続て義
政の時睦しく年々貢使舩を遣されし皇和と明との往
来ありしを通番の禁弛ふと云故に琉球買易の利頓に
絶と云夫より後明の勘合印を乞て商舶の事始りし故
猶九州南方の洲島琉球に至て転販すること無かるべし
其後清康煕二十二年癸亥の役は聖祖尚貞を封王せし
時にて　本朝天和三年に当る当時清国一統すと雖ど
も台湾の鄭経明の正朔を奉して降らす海冠静謐なら
む故に商販舶往来を禁制す此故に唐貨を求て利を得
んと薩摩洲土噶喇七島等皆至て貿易をなし大に利を》

【左丁】
　《割書：獲たりと云康煕二十一年鄭経が子克塽降り台湾清の
板図に入り海道靖なるにより清帝海販の事を免され
福州南京の商舶年々長崎に入津万国の宝貨珍器翫弄
の具一として有さる物なし其後福淅の商舶入津の額
数を定られ又歳額を減せらる故に五十八年尚敬を冊
封せらるヽ時は土噶喇等の番舶一も至るものなく琉
球素貧乏なれは貨物售れすして人役並に困窮すと云
是年　本朝享保四年己亥に当る時に外国へ金銀銅の
入ること莫太なるを以て又歳額の商舶を減せられ海中
私の商販を厳く禁せられ薩琉唐貨の貿易を停められ
けれは番舶一も至るものなし仍て其後琉球の貢使前
明の時より今清の初季に至るまて毎年一貢せんことを
請といへとも前期に遵ひ二年一貢なりしを全貢折貢
と號して毎年貢舶を遺ことを免されしも全く福淅の商
舶入津を追々減らせられし故琉舶をして　本邦へ交易
させんが為なるべしされは全貢の年は銀千貫折貢の
年は銀五六貫目皆吾邦の古銀元字銀なりと云竊に聞
近来琉人薩州に交易する所の貨物凡三万金に及ふ其
貨物は十に七八唐貨にして琉貨は少く相接る近頃薩
琉互市の禁厳にして或年三万金の貨物を焼棄らると》

現代語訳

【右丁】
（によって中国の商品に不足することがなく、そのため此の役では僅かに六千金を得ると言う。己卯は天順三年、英宗が重祚した時で、尚泰久の世に当たる。泰久の封王は景帝の景泰六年乙亥の歳にあり、冊使が琉球に至るのは天順三年であろうか。本朝長禄三年、将軍義政が頻りに明国と通好された時であるから、僅かに三千金を得て大いに望を失うと言う。思うに甲午の役で番舶が転販する者が十餘国とは、番舶と称するのは薩州或いはその属島等を指して言うから、その利が多いと言えるのである。辛酉の役では僅か三四国であるから、その利が既に少なく、己卯の役では通番の禁が弛むから、その利が頓に絶えるとは、通番の禁弛とは将軍義持が父の遺命によって明国との通好を停められたのに、義教の時に復び聘問され、続いて義政の時に睦まじく年々貢使船を遣わされ、皇和と明との往来があったのを通番の禁弛ふと言う。故に琉球貿易の利が頓に絶つと言う。それより後、明の勘合印を乞うて商舶の事が始まった故に、なお九州南方の洲島が琉球に至って転販することは無かっただろう。その後清康煕二十二年癸亥の役は、聖祖が尚貞を封王した時にて、本朝天和三年に当たる。当時清国が一統すと雖も、台湾の鄭経が明の正朔を奉じて降らず、海岸が静謐でないため、商販船の往来を禁制する。この故に中国の商品を求めて利を得ようと、薩摩洲土噶喇七島等が皆至って貿易をなし、大いに利を）

【左丁】
（獲たと言う。康煕二十一年、鄭経の子克塽が降り、台湾が清の版図に入り、海道が平穏になったことにより、清帝が海販の事を免され、福州南京の商舶が年々長崎に入津し、万国の宝貨珍器玩弄の具で一として無い物はない。その後福浙の商舶入津の額数を定められ、また歳額を減せられる故に、五十八年尚敬を冊封される時は、土噶喇等の番舶は一も至る者なく、琉球は素より貧乏であるから貨物が売れずして人役並びに困窮すると言う。この年は本朝享保四年己亥に当たる。時に外国へ金銀銅が入ることが莫大であることを以て、また歳額の商舶を減せられ、海中の私の商販を厳しく禁せられ、薩琉の中国商品貿易を停められたから、番舶は一も至る者がない。よって其の後琉球の貢使は前明の時より今清の初期に至るまで毎年一貢せんことを請うと雖も、前期に遵い二年一貢であったのを全貢折貢と号して毎年貢舶を遣わすことを免されたのも、全く福浙の商舶入津を追々減らされた故に、琉舶をして本邦へ交易させんがためであるだろう。されば全貢の年は銀千貫、折貢の年は銀五六貫目で、皆我が邦の古銀元字銀であると言う。窃かに聞くに、近来琉人が薩州に交易する所の貨物は凡そ三万金に及ぶ。その貨物は十に七八が中国商品にして琉貨は少なく、相接する近頃は薩琉互市の禁が厳にして、或る年は三万金の貨物を焼棄るると）

英語訳

[Right Page]
(Therefore there was no shortage of Chinese goods, so in this mission only six thousand gold was obtained. Jimao [1459] was the 3rd year of Tianshun when Emperor Yingzong was restored to the throne, during the reign of Shō Taikyū. Taikyū's investiture as king occurred in the 6th year of Jingtai, yihai [1455] under Emperor Jingtai. The investiture envoys probably arrived in Ryukyu in the 3rd year of Tianshun. This was the 3rd year of Chōroku in our court, when Shogun Yoshimasa frequently maintained friendly relations with Ming China, so only three thousand gold was obtained, greatly disappointing expectations. It seems that in the jiawu mission when over ten countries engaged in resale trade via foreign ships, the term "foreign ships" refers to Satsuma Province or its tributary islands, so their profits were substantial. In the xinyou mission there were only three or four countries, so profits were already small. In the jimao mission, restrictions on foreign trade were relaxed, so profits were suddenly cut off. The relaxation of restrictions on foreign trade refers to how Shogun Yoshimochi had stopped friendly relations with Ming China following his father's dying wishes, but during Yoshinori's time diplomatic inquiries resumed, and subsequently during Yoshimasa's time tribute ships were sent yearly in friendship, with exchanges between Japan and Ming - this is called relaxation of restrictions on foreign trade. Therefore profits from Ryukyu trade were suddenly cut off. After that, since official trade began with Ming trade tallies [kangō], the southern islands of Kyushu probably no longer came to Ryukyu for resale trade. Later, the guihai mission in the 22nd year of Kangxi [1683] was when the Sacred Ancestor invested Shō Tei as king, corresponding to the 3rd year of Tenna in our court. Although the Qing had unified China at that time, Zheng Jing in Taiwan honored the Ming calendar and did not surrender, and since the coasts were not peaceful, commercial shipping was prohibited. For this reason, seeking Chinese goods for profit, Satsuma Province, the Tokara Seven Islands, and others all came to engage in trade and obtained great profits.)

[Left Page]
(It is said they obtained [profits]. In the 21st year of Kangxi [1682], Zheng Jing's son Kezhuang surrendered, Taiwan entered Qing territory, and since the sea routes became peaceful, the Qing Emperor permitted maritime trade. Merchant ships from Fuzhou and Nanjing entered Nagasaki yearly, and there was nothing lacking among the precious goods, rare vessels, and luxury items from all nations. Later, quotas were established for merchant ships from Fujian and Zhejiang entering port, and the annual quotas were reduced. Therefore, when Shō Kei was invested in the 58th year [Kangxi 58, 1719], not one foreign ship from Tokara and other places came. Since Ryukyu was inherently poor, goods could not be sold and both people and servants fell into poverty. This year corresponds to the 4th year of Kyōhō, jihai [1719] in our court. At that time, since the outflow of gold, silver, and copper to foreign countries was enormous, the annual merchant ship quotas were further reduced, private maritime commerce was strictly prohibited, and trade in Chinese goods between Satsuma and Ryukyu was stopped, so not one foreign ship came. Therefore, although Ryukyu tribute envoys thereafter requested to make tribute once yearly as they had from the former Ming period until the early Qing period, following previous precedent they made tribute once every two years. This was called "full tribute" and "reduced tribute," and they were exempted from sending tribute ships annually, entirely because merchant ships from Fujian and Zhejiang entering port were gradually reduced, probably to allow Ryukyu ships to trade with our country. Thus in full tribute years it was one thousand kan of silver, in reduced tribute years it was five to six kan, all being old silver and ganzi silver of our country. I have heard privately that recently the goods that Ryukyu people trade in Satsuma amount to about thirty thousand gold. Of those goods, seven or eight parts out of ten are Chinese goods while Ryukyu goods are few. In recent times the prohibition on Satsuma-Ryukyu trade has become strict, and in some years goods worth thirty thousand gold are burned and discarded.)