琉球藩史 一之巻 - 翻刻

翻刻

後賤者之ヲ食フ其病死スル氣 將（マサ）ニ絕セントスルトキ
之ヲ舉テ庭ニ置キ氣絶スレハ則￣チ親族哭泣相吊シ死
者ノ屍ヲ浴シ布帛ヲ以テ之ヲ纏テ殯葬シ年ヲ經テ
後又其骨ヲ出シ洗テ再ヒ葬埋ス其農器石ヲ以テ刃
トス長ケ尺餘濶サ數寸兵刃ハ鐵ヲ以テ之ヲ造ル鐵
薄小ナリ骨角ヲ以テ之ヲ輔ク亂逆ヲナス者アレハ
之ヲ殺シテ以テ神ヲ祭リ又其髑髏ヲ樹ニ懸ケ箭ヲ
以テ之ヲ射ル甚シキニ至リテハ共ニ聚テ之ヲ食フ《割書：世｜以 》
《割書：テ人ヲ啖フノ國ト｜ス蓋シ是ニ因ル》又刑ヲ用ユルニ律ナシ獄訟決セ
サレハ王ニ告ク王羣臣ト議定ス獄ニ枷鏁ナシ唯繩

ヲ用テ縛ス輕罪ハ杖ヲ用ユ死刑ハ則￣チ鐵錐、大サ節ノ
如シ長￣サ尺余其頂ヲ鑽テ之ヲ殺ス當時俗習大概此ノ
如シ其支那ト通スルハ隋ヨリ始ル推古天皇十六年
隋王楊廣其臣朱寛ヲシテ海ニ入テ異俗ヲ訪求メシ
ム海師河蠻言每ニ天清風靜ナル時東ニ■【望の異体字】メハ■【隠の異体字】約
烟ノ若ク霧ノ若ク遠クシテ幾千里ナルヲ知ラスト
遂ニ寛ト俱ニ來リ求メ此島ヲ得タリ形チ虱龍ノ水
中ニ浮￣フ カ如シ故ニ名ツケテ流虬ト云後改メテ流求
トス寛陸ニ上ル語言通セス其布甲ヲ取リ一人ヲ掠
メ去ル此時￣ニ朝使隋ニ在リ其布甲ヲ見テ曰此那久國

現代語訳

その後、身分の低い者がこれを食べる。病気で死ぬ時、息が絶えようとする時に、これ（病人）を持ち上げて庭に置き、息が絶えればただちに親族が哭泣して互いに弔い合う。死者の屍を浴させ、布帛をもってこれを巻いて殯葬し、年を経た後、またその骨を出して洗い、再び葬埋する。その農器は石をもって刃とする。長さは一尺余り、幅は数寸。兵刃は鉄をもってこれを造る。鉄は薄小である。骨角をもってこれを補強する。乱逆をなす者があれば、これを殺して神を祭り、またその髑髏を樹に懸け、矢をもってこれを射る。甚だしきに至っては共に集まってこれを食べる《世間では人を食らう国とする。おそらくこれに因る》。また刑を用いるのに律がない。獄訟が決しなければ王に告げる。王は群臣と議定する。獄に枷鎖がない。ただ縄を用いて縛る。

軽罪は杖を用いる。死刑はすなわち鉄錐、大きさは節のようで長さ一尺余り、その頂点で穿って殺す。当時の俗習は大概このようなものである。その支那と通ずるのは隋より始まる。推古天皇十六年、隋王楊広がその臣朱寛をして海に入り異俗を訪求させた。海師河蛮は言う、「いつも天が清く風が静かな時、東に望めば隠約として煙のよう霧のようで、遠くして幾千里なるかを知らず」と。遂に寛と共に来て求め、この島を得た。形は虱龍が水中に浮かぶかのようである。故に名づけて流虬という。後に改めて流求とする。寛は陸に上がったが、言語が通じない。その布甲を取り、一人を掠め去った。この時、朝使が隋にあり、その布甲を見て曰く「これは那久国の

英語訳

Afterward, people of low status eat this. When someone is dying from illness, when their breath is about to cease, they lift this person and place them in the courtyard. When breath ceases, the relatives immediately wail and mourn together. They bathe the corpse of the deceased, wrap it with cloth, conduct temporary burial, and after years pass, they again remove the bones, wash them, and rebury them. Their farming tools use stone as blades, over one foot in length and several inches in width. Weapons are made of iron. The iron is thin and small. They reinforce them with bone and horn. When there are those who commit rebellion, they kill them to offer sacrifice to the gods, and also hang their skulls on trees and shoot them with arrows. In extreme cases, they gather together and eat them. <<The world considers this a country that devours people, probably due to this.>> Also, there are no written laws for punishment. When legal disputes cannot be decided, they report to the king. The king deliberates with his ministers. There are no shackles or chains in prison. They only use rope to bind prisoners.

For minor crimes they use flogging. For capital punishment, they use an iron awl, about the size of a joint and over one foot long, drilling through the top of the head to kill. The customs of that time were generally like this. Their contact with China began with the Sui dynasty. In the 16th year of Empress Suiko, Sui Emperor Yang Guang sent his retainer Zhu Kuan to enter the sea and seek out foreign customs. The sea master He Man said, "Whenever the sky is clear and the wind is calm, looking east we see something vague like smoke or mist, so distant we cannot know how many thousand li it is." Finally, he came together with Kuan to seek it and found this island. Its shape is like a dragon louse floating in water. Therefore they named it Liuqiu (Flowing Dragon). Later it was changed to Liuqiu. Kuan landed but could not communicate in language. He took their cloth armor and captured one person. At this time, there was a court envoy in Sui who saw the cloth armor and said, "This is from Najiu country