中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　三-四-層。和（トモニ）＿レ葉￣ト蒸￣シ-食相-餉￣ル。名￣テ曰＿二鬼-餅￣ト＿一。俗伝￣フ古有￣テ＿レ鬼出￣ツ。作￣テ
　＿レ此￣ヲ祭￣ルト＿レ之￣ヲ。亦駆-儺禳-疫￣ノ之意。　二-十-四-日送￣ル＿レ竈￣ヲ。次￣ノ年正-
　月初-五-日。始￣テ迎￣フ＿レ竈￣ヲ。
　毎-月朔-望。家-家￣ノ婦-女。取￣リ＿二瓶-罌￣ヲ＿一至￣テ＿二砲-台￣ニ＿一。汲＿二新-潮-水￣ヲ＿一。帰献￣ス＿二
　竈-神￣ニ＿一。或￣ハ献＿二 天-妃前￣ノ石-神￣ニ＿一。
　正三五九此￣ノ四-月。国-人名￣テ為＿二吉-月￣ト＿一。婦-女相-率￣テ。至￣リ＿二沿-海￣ノ
　雪-崎-洞中＿一。拝￣シテ＿二水-神￣ヲ＿一祈￣ル＿レ福￣ヲ。
　官-吏￣ノ家。有￣レハ＿二 人￣ノ渡￣ル＿レ海￣ヲ者＿一。斵￣テ＿レ木￣ヲ為￣ル＿二小-舟￣ヲ＿一。長￣サ尺-許。檣-帆俱￣ニ備￣ハル。
　着￣ケ＿二竿-首￣ニ＿一立￣テ＿二庭-中￣ニ＿一。候￣シテ＿レ風￣ヲ以卜￣ス＿二帰-信￣ヲ＿一。帰￣レハ即撒￣ス＿レ之￣ヲ。《割書：名＿二風-旗。亦｜名＿二 五両□》
　凡￣ノ許-愿￣スルニ。皆以＿レ石為＿レ神￣ト。凡神-岳叢-祠￣ノ之-所。皆有＿二巨-石＿一。数-
　処￣ニ離-立￣ス。設＿二香-炉炷-香燭￣ヲ於前￣ニ＿一。焼￣キ＿レ酒￣ヲ設￣ケ＿二牲-菓￣ヲ＿一酬￣フ＿レ愿￣ニ。皆就￣テ
　＿レ石￣ニ献￣ス＿レ供￣ヲ。不＿レ設＿二神-像￣ヲ＿一也。旧-録￣ニ有＿二女-王女-君弁-才-天六-臂-
　神之類＿一。蓋￣シ即￣チ君-君祝-祝開-国￣ノ諸-神。伝-久￣シテ異￣ニス＿レ辞￣ヲ。不＿二尽￣ク覈￣ナラ＿一
　也。女-巫為￣メニ＿レ 人￣ノ祈￣ル＿レ疾￣ヲ者。曼-声￣ニ唄-誦￣スルヿ徹-夜。無＿二鼓-楽＿一。
　通-国￣ノ平-民。死皆火-葬￣ス。官-宦有-力之家￣ハ。先用＿二生-葬￣ヲ＿一。踰￣テ＿レ時￣ヲ
　舁￣キ-出￣シ。仍￣テ用＿二火-葬￣ヲ＿一。　《割書：前使-錄￣ニ云。以＿二 中-元前-後￣ノ日￣ヲ＿一。浴￣シ＿二屍￣ヲ于渓｜水￣ニ＿一。三-四-五-年￣ノ後。以＿レ水￣ヲ入￣レ＿レ穴￣ニ。溌￣シ＿レ屍￣ニ去＿二腐-》
　《割書：肉￣ヲ＿一。収￣テ＿レ骨￣ヲ入￣レ＿レ甕￣ニ。蔵￣ム＿二石-坎￣ノ｜中￣ニ＿一。歳-時祭-掃。啓￣テ視￣ル＿レ之￣ヲ。》
　棺-製円￣シテ如＿二木-龕￣ノ＿一。高￣サ三-尺-許。温-水￣ニテ洗￣ヒ＿二膝-蓋￣ヲ＿一。屈￣メテ＿レ足￣ヲ趺-殮￣ス。

現代語訳

三四層。葉と共に蒸し食して相餉る。名づけて鬼餅と曰う。俗伝によると古に鬼有りて出づ。此れを作りて之を祭ると。亦駆儺禳疫の意。二十四日竈を送る。次の年正月初五日。始めて竈を迎う。

毎月朔望。家々の婦女。瓶罌を取りて砲台に至る。新潮水を汲みて。帰りて竈神に献ず。或いは天妃前の石神に献ず。

正三五九此の四月。国人名づけて吉月と為す。婦女相率いて。沿海の雪崎洞中に至り。水神を拝して福を祈る。

官吏の家。人の海を渡る者有れば。木を斵りて小舟を為す。長さ尺許。檣帆俱に備わる。竿首に着けて庭中に立つ。風を候して以て帰信を卜す。帰れば即ち之を撤す。（割書：風旗と名く。亦五両と名く）

凡そ許愿するに。皆石を以て神と為す。凡そ神岳叢祠の所。皆巨石有り。数処に離立す。香炉炷香燭を前に設け。酒を焼き牲菓を設けて愿に酬う。皆石に就いて供を献ず。神像を設けず也。旧録に女王女君弁才天六臂神之類有り。蓋し即ち君君祝祝開国の諸神。伝久して辞を異にす。尽く覈ならず也。女巫人の為に疾を祈る者。曼声に唄誦すること徹夜。鼓楽無し。

通国の平民。死すれば皆火葬す。官宦有力之家は。先ず生葬を用う。時を踰えて舁き出し。仍って火葬を用う。（割書：前使録に云く。中元前後の日を以て。屍を渓水に浴す。三四五年の後。水を以て穴に入る。屍に溌して腐肉を去る。骨を収めて甕に入る。石坎の中に蔵む。歳時祭掃。啓いて之を視る。）

棺製円して木龕の如し。高さ三尺許。温水にて膝蓋を洗い。足を屈めて趺殮す。

英語訳

Three to four layers. They steam and eat it together with the leaves and share it with each other. They call it "oni-mochi" (demon rice cakes). According to folk tradition, in ancient times demons appeared. They made these to offer to them. This also has the meaning of exorcising demons and warding off epidemics. On the twenty-fourth day they send off the kitchen god. On the fifth day of the first month of the following year, they begin to welcome back the kitchen god.

Every new moon and full moon, the women of each household take pottery vessels and go to the battery. They draw fresh tidal water and return to offer it to the kitchen god. Sometimes they offer it to the stone deity in front of Tenpi (Mazu).

The first, third, fifth, and ninth months - these four months the people of the country call auspicious months. Women lead each other to the Yukizaki cave along the coast. They worship the water deity and pray for good fortune.

In the homes of government officials, when there are people crossing the sea, they carve wood to make small boats. About one shaku in length. Both mast and sail are complete. They attach it to a pole top and stand it in the courtyard. They watch the wind to divine news of return. When they return, they immediately remove it. (Marginal note: Called "wind flag." Also called "goryo.")

In general, when making vows, they all use stones as deities. In all places of sacred mountains and shrine clusters, there are giant stones. They stand separately in several places. They set up incense burners, burning incense and candles in front. They burn wine and set out animal offerings and fruits to fulfill vows. They all offer supplies to the stones. They do not set up divine images. In old records there are female kings, female lords, Benzaiten, six-armed deities and such. These are probably the various deities of the founding of the country. Transmitted for a long time, the words have changed. Not everything is accurate. Female shamans who pray for people's illnesses chant in melodious voices throughout the night. There is no drumming or music.

The common people throughout the country are all cremated when they die. Powerful official families first use burial. After some time passes, they carry out the body and then use cremation. (Marginal note: The previous envoy's record states: Using the days before and after the Ghost Festival, they bathe the corpse in stream water. After three, four, or five years, they put water into the hole, wash the corpse to remove the rotten flesh, collect the bones and put them in jars, and store them in stone pits. At seasonal festivals they open and look at them.)

The coffin construction is round like a wooden shrine. About three shaku high. They wash the kneecaps with warm water. They bend the legs and perform seated burial.