中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　布布満室中入室必脱三板故名脚踏綿自王宮以
　至民間皆然
　屋宇在那霸所見者皆村中民居首里所見官戚大
　家牆垣棟宇皆極華整然亦一行作屋分内外無層
　構複室也
　惟官署始連楹八九作大屋毎屋一間柱礎多至二
　十余所　屋用樫木作梁柱堅潤細理千年不蠧一
　名羅漢杉大島奇界所出尤良価亦甚貴作屋一間
　費至五百金故久米大夫家従宦有年尚多結茅者
　首里大家皆以此造屋鋪地久之光潤可鑑
　壁既用板無粉墁牆多用砑花重粉箋或白色或白
　地緑花者糊之
　竹簾極麤以細竹全幹編之挂屋簷四周
　屋中画軸皆短小不過四五尺屋小故也若首里貴
　家長与中国画軸無異
　屛幅字或用四扇例先書一大字於首如春夏秋冬
　仁義礼智之類下綴詩語三四行亦不必与大字相
　応

現代語訳

布で室内を満たし、室に入る際は必ず履物を脱ぐため「脚踏綿」と名付けられている。王宮から民間に至るまで皆そうである。

那覇で見た建物は皆村中の民家であり、首里で見たのは官戚の大家で、牆垣や棟宇は皆極めて華麗で整然としている。しかし、やはり一列に家を作り、内外に分けるが、二階建ての複雑な部屋はない。

ただ官署だけは初めて軒を連ねて八、九軒の大きな屋敷を作っている。一軒ごとに柱の礎石が二十余箇所に及ぶ。屋根には樫の木を梁や柱に使用し、堅く潤いがあり細かい木理で千年経っても腐らない。羅漢杉という名前で、大島の奇界という所で産出されるものが特に良く、価格も甚だ高い。家を一軒建てるのに五百金もかかるため、久米の大夫の家でも長年官職に就いているがまだ多くは茅葺きである。首里の大家は皆これで家を造り、床に敷いて久しく使うと光沢が出て鏡のようになる。

壁は既に板を用いているので漆喰塗りはなく、多くは押し花の重ね粉箋を用いるか、白色または白地に緑の花模様のものを糊付けする。

竹簾は極めて粗く、細い竹を丸ごと編んで作り、屋根の軒の四周に掛ける。

屋中の掛軸は皆短小で四、五尺を過ぎない。家が小さいからである。首里の貴家では中国の掛軸と変わらない長さである。

屏風の文字は四扇を用いることが例で、まず一つの大きな文字を最初に書く。春夏秋冬、仁義礼智の類で、下に詩語を三、四行続けるが、必ずしも大字と対応している必要はない。

英語訳

布 (cloth) fills the interior of rooms, and when entering a room one must remove footwear, hence the name "kyakutōmen" (foot-treading cotton). This is the same from the royal palace to common households.

The buildings seen in Naha were all village residences of common people, while those seen in Shuri were the grand houses of court officials and nobles, with walls, gates, and roof structures all extremely magnificent and orderly. However, they still build houses in single rows, divided into inner and outer sections, but without multi-story complex rooms.

Only government offices have connected eaves spanning eight or nine large buildings. Each building has column foundations numbering over twenty locations. For roofs they use oak wood for beams and pillars, which is hard, lustrous, and fine-grained, not rotting for a thousand years. It is called rakan-sugi (arhat cedar), with the finest quality produced in a place called Kikai on Oshima, and the price is extremely high. Building one house costs as much as five hundred gold pieces, so even the families of Kume officials, despite years in government service, still mostly have thatched roofs. The great houses of Shuri are all built with this wood, and when used for flooring, after long use it becomes lustrous enough to serve as a mirror.

Since walls use boards, there is no lime plastering; mostly they use layered decorative paper with pressed flowers, either white or white with green floral patterns, pasted on.

Bamboo blinds are extremely coarse, woven from whole thin bamboo stalks and hung around the four sides of the roof eaves.

Hanging scrolls in houses are all short and small, not exceeding four to five shaku. This is because the houses are small. In the noble houses of Shuri, they are the same length as Chinese hanging scrolls.

For calligraphy on folding screens, it is customary to use four panels, first writing one large character at the beginning, such as spring-summer-autumn-winter or benevolence-righteousness-propriety-wisdom, followed by three or four lines of poetry below, which need not necessarily correspond to the large character.