中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　中所見比中国産者特小僅如細黒豆　異産有番
　薯在処皆有之犂種沙土中蔓生蔽野人以為糧功
　並粒食家種芭蕉数十本縷糸織為蕉布男女冬夏
　皆衣之利匹蚕桑明冊使蕭崇業夏子陽旧録云土
　不植棉地不宜茶今亦間有之但不甚繁植云
　蔬有白菜芥菜菠菜蘿蔔香菜糸瓜冬瓜茄子刀豆
　蚕豆芋葱蒜韭薑胡椒薤芹薺蕨瓠萲荽茴菜茼蒿
　香菰紫菜菘木耳石花菜　異産有海帯菜女蒡辣
　蕎茯苓菜罋菜又有松露土音称為蓄蘿九十月中
　生大松樹下土中実円白色菌類味鮮美産具志頭
　者尤良灰色者生牛糞中不可食《割書：海菜有海帯一名｜昆布又有紅菜類》
　《割書：石花菜而少匾出海灘｜中又有鶏脚菜麒麟菜》
　木有松栢檜杉榕樟梔柳槐棕櫚黄楊梧桐甚少異
　産有樫木等
　[樫木]一名羅漢杉葉短厚三稜与中国羅漢松同木
　理堅膩国中造屋樑柱皆用之諸島皆有出奇界者
　尤良
　[福木]葉如冬青特大対節生長二寸許如腰子形厚

現代語訳

中で見るものは中国産に比べて特に小さく、わずかに細い黒豆のようである。異産には番薯があり、至る所にあって、犁で砂土中に種を蒔き、蔓が生えて野を覆う。人はこれを糧食とする。その効用は穀物と並ぶ。家ごとに芭蕉を数十本植え、繊維を取って糸に縷り、織って蕉布とする。男女は冬夏問わずこれを着用し、その利益は蚕桑に匹敵する。明の冊封使蕭崇業・夏子陽の旧録には「土地は棉を植えず、地は茶に適さず」とあるが、今ではまれにこれらもあるが、あまり盛んに植えられてはいないという。

蔬菜には白菜・芥菜・菠菜・蘿蔔・香菜・糸瓜・冬瓜・茄子・刀豆・蚕豆・芋・葱・蒜・韭・薑・胡椒・薤・芹・薺・蕨・瓠・萲荽・茴菜・茼蒿・香菰・紫菜・菘・木耳・石花菜がある。異産には海帯菜・女蒡・辣蕎・茯苓菜・罋菜があり、また松露があり土音では蓄蘿と称する。九十月中に大松樹の下の土中に生じ、実は円く白色でキノコ類、味は鮮美で具志頭産のものが特に良い。灰色のものは牛糞中に生じ食べられない。《割注：海菜には海帯があり一名昆布という。また紅菜があり石花菜類だが少し扁平で海灘中に出る。また鶏脚菜・麒麟菜がある》

木には松・栢・檜・杉・榕・樟・梔・柳・槐・棕櫚・黄楊・梧桐があるが甚だ少ない。異産には樫木などがある。

【樫木】一名羅漢杉。葉は短く厚く三稜で、中国の羅漢松と同じ。木理は堅く膩らかで、国中で屋の梁柱を造るのに皆これを用いる。諸島に皆あるが、奇界産のものが特に良い。

【福木】葉は冬青のようだが特に大きく、対になって節に生じ、長さ二寸ほどで腰子の形のように厚い。

英語訳

Those seen locally are particularly small compared to Chinese varieties, barely like small black beans. Among unique products is sweet potato, found everywhere. It is planted with a plow in sandy soil, grows as vines covering the fields, and people use it as staple food. Its benefits equal those of grain crops. Each household plants dozens of banana plants, extracts fibers to spin into thread, and weaves it into banana cloth. Men and women wear this in both winter and summer, and its benefits match those of sericulture. The old records of Ming investiture envoys Xiao Chongye and Xia Ziyang state "the soil does not plant cotton, the land is not suitable for tea," but now these are occasionally found, though not extensively cultivated.

Vegetables include Chinese cabbage, mustard greens, spinach, radish, coriander, loofah, winter melon, eggplant, sword beans, broad beans, taro, scallions, garlic, Chinese chives, ginger, pepper, Chinese onion, celery, shepherd's purse, bracken, bottle gourd, cilantro, fennel, crown daisy, mushrooms, purple laver, Chinese cabbage, wood ear, and agar seaweed. Unique products include kelp, arctium, spicy buckwheat, poria vegetable, and jar vegetable. There is also pine dew, called chikura in the local pronunciation. It grows in soil under large pine trees during the ninth and tenth months. The fruit is round and white, a type of mushroom with fresh and delicious taste. Those from Gushikami are especially good. Gray ones grow in cow dung and are inedible. 《Note: Among sea vegetables is kelp, also called kombu. There are also red vegetables similar to agar seaweed but somewhat flattened, appearing on beaches. There are also chicken-foot seaweed and kirin seaweed》

Trees include pine, cypress, hinoki, cedar, banyan, camphor, gardenia, willow, pagoda tree, palm, boxwood, and Chinese parasol tree, but very few. Unique products include oak and others.

【Oak】Also called arhat fir. Leaves are short, thick, and three-angled, same as Chinese podocarpus. The wood grain is hard and smooth; throughout the country it is used for making house beams and pillars. Found on all islands, but those from Kikkai are especially good.

【Garcinia】Leaves are like holly but particularly large, growing in pairs at nodes, about two inches long, thick and kidney-shaped.