中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　布布満室中入室必脱三板故名脚踏綿自王宮以
　至民間皆然
　屋宇在那霸所見者皆村中民居首里所見官戚大
　家牆垣棟宇皆極華整然亦一行作屋分内外無層
　構複室也
　惟官署始連楹八九作大屋毎屋一間柱礎多至二
　十余所　屋用樫木作梁柱堅潤細理千年不蠧一
　名羅漢杉大島奇界所出尤良価亦甚貴作屋一間
　費至五百金故久米大夫家従宦有年尚多結茅者
　首里大家皆以此造屋鋪地久之光潤可鑑
　壁既用板無粉墁牆多用砑花重粉箋或白色或白
　地緑花者糊之
　竹簾極麤以細竹全幹編之挂屋簷四周
　屋中画軸皆短小不過四五尺屋小故也若首里貴
　家長与中国画軸無異
　屛幅字或用四扇例先書一大字於首如春夏秋冬
　仁義礼智之類下綴詩語三四行亦不必与大字相
　応

現代語訳

布を敷く。布は室中に満ちており、室に入る時は必ず履物を脱ぐ。そのため「脚踏綿」と名付けられている。王宮から民間に至るまで皆そうである。

建物は那霸で見たものは皆村中の民居で、首里で見た官戚の大家は牆垣や棟宇が皆極めて華麗で整然としている。しかしまた一列に家を作り、内外に分かれているが、何層にも構えた複雑な部屋はない。

ただ官署だけは初めて連なった梁八、九本で大屋を作る。家ごとに一間で、柱の礎は多いところで二十余カ所に至る。屋根には樫木を用いて梁柱を作る。堅くて潤いがあり、きめ細かい木理で千年経っても虫食いにならない。一名を羅漢杉という。大島の奇界で産出されるものが特に良く、価格もまた甚だ貴い。家を一間作るのに費用は五百金に至る。故に久米の大夫の家では官職に就いて長年になるが、なお多くが茅葺きである。
首里の大家は皆これを用いて家を造り、床に敷く。久しくすると光沢が出て鏡のようになる。

壁は既に板を用いているので粉で塗ることはない。壁の多くは砑花を施した重粉箋を用い、あるいは白色、あるいは白地に緑花のものを糊付けする。

竹簾は極めて粗く、細竹を全幹のまま編んで、屋根の軒の四周に掛ける。

屋中の画軸は皆短小で四、五尺を過ぎない。家が小さいからである。首里の貴家のものは中国の画軸と長さに異なりはない。

屏風の字は四扇を用いることが例で、先ず一つの大字を最初に書く。春夏秋冬、仁義礼智の類のようなもので、下に詩語を三、四行綴る。また必ずしも大字と相応する必要はない。

英語訳

cloth. The cloth fills the room, and when entering a room, one must remove footwear. Therefore it is called "foot-treading cotton." This is so from the royal palace down to common households.

The buildings seen in Naha are all village dwellings of common people. The official residences and great houses of the nobility seen in Shuri have walls and structures that are all extremely magnificent and orderly. However, they also build houses in a single row, divided into inner and outer sections, but there are no multi-story constructions with complex room arrangements.

Only government offices first use eight or nine connected beams to construct large buildings. Each building has one room, with column foundations numbering over twenty locations. For the roofing, they use oak wood to make beams and pillars. It is hard and smooth with fine grain, not becoming worm-eaten even after a thousand years. It is also called Arhat cedar. That produced in the remote regions of Oshima is especially good, and the price is also extremely expensive. Building one room costs up to 500 gold pieces. Therefore, among the houses of the Kume officials, even those who have served in government positions for many years still mostly have thatched roofs.
The great houses of Shuri all use this wood to construct buildings and floor them. After a long time, it becomes lustrous and mirror-like.

Since walls already use wooden boards, there is no plastering with powder. Most walls use calendered floral heavy paper, either white in color or white ground with green flowers pasted on.

Bamboo blinds are extremely coarse, woven from fine bamboo used in whole sections, hung around the four sides of the roof eaves.

The hanging scrolls in houses are all short and small, not exceeding four or five shaku. This is because the houses are small. Those in the noble houses of Shuri are no different in length from Chinese hanging scrolls.

For calligraphy on folding screens, it is customary to use four panels, first writing one large character at the beginning, such as spring-summer-autumn-winter, benevolence-righteousness-propriety-wisdom, and the like, with three or four lines of poetry below. These need not necessarily correspond to the large character.