中山伝信録 巻六 - 翻刻

翻刻

　中所見比中国産者特小僅如細黒豆　異産有番
　薯在処皆有之犂種沙土中蔓生蔽野人以為糧功
　並粒食家種芭蕉数十本縷糸織為蕉布男女冬夏
　皆衣之利匹蚕桑明冊使蕭崇業夏子陽旧録云土
　不植棉地不宜茶今亦間有之但不甚繁植云
　蔬有白菜芥菜菠菜蘿蔔香菜糸瓜冬瓜茄子刀豆
　蚕豆芋葱蒜韭薑胡椒薤芹薺蕨瓠萲荽茴菜茼蒿
　香菰紫菜菘木耳石花菜　異産有海帯菜女蒡辣
　蕎茯苓菜罋菜又有松露土音称為蓄蘿九十月中
　生大松樹下土中実円白色菌類味鮮美産具志頭
　者尤良灰色者生牛糞中不可食《割書：海菜有海帯一名｜昆布又有紅菜類》
　《割書：石花菜而少匾出海灘｜中又有鶏脚菜麒麟菜》
　木有松栢檜杉榕樟梔柳槐棕櫚黄楊梧桐甚少異
　産有樫木等
　[樫木]一名羅漢杉葉短厚三稜与中国羅漢松同木
　理堅膩国中造屋樑柱皆用之諸島皆有出奇界者
　尤良
　[福木]葉如冬青特大対節生長二寸許如腰子形厚

現代語訳

中で見られるものは中国産のものと比べて特に小さく、わずかに細い黒豆ほどである。異産には番薯があり、至る所にある。砂土の中に犂で種を植え、蔓が生えて野を覆う。人々はこれを糧食として粒食の代わりに用いる。家では芭蕉を数十本種植し、糸を縷いて織って蕉布とする。男女とも冬夏を問わずこれを着用し、蚕桑に匹敵する利益がある。明の冊使蕭崇業・夏子陽の旧録によれば「土地は棉を植えず、地は茶に適さない」とあるが、今では間々これらもあるが、あまり盛んに植えられてはいないという。

蔬菜には白菜・芥菜・菠菜・蘿蔔・香菜・糸瓜・冬瓜・茄子・刀豆・蚕豆・芋・葱・蒜・韭・薑・胡椒・薤・芹・薺・蕨・瓠・萲・荽・茴菜・茼蒿・香菰・紫菜・菘・木耳・石花菜がある。異産には海帯菜・女蒡・辣蕎・茯苓菜・罋菜がある。また松露があり、土音では蓄蘭と称し、九、十月中に大松樹の下の土中に生ずる。実は円く白色で菌類、味は鮮美である。具志頭産のものが特に良い。灰色のものは牛糞中に生じ食べられない。《割書：海菜には海帯があり一名昆布という。また紅菜もあり石花菜類であるが少し扁平で海灘中に出る。また鶏脚菜・麒麟菜もある》

木には松・栢・檜・杉・榕・樟・梔・柳・槐・棕櫚・黄楊・梧桐があるが甚だ少ない。異産には樫木等がある。

【樫木】一名羅漢杉。葉は短く厚く三稜で、中国の羅漢松と同じである。木理は堅く滑らかで、国中で屋根の梁柱を造るのにはみなこれを用いる。諸島にみなあるが、奇界産のものが特に良い。

【福木】葉は冬青のようであるが特に大きく、対節に生じ、長さ二寸許り、腰子形で厚い。

英語訳

Those seen locally are particularly small compared to Chinese varieties, barely the size of small black beans. Among unique products is sweet potato, found everywhere. Seeds are planted in sandy soil with plows, vines grow and cover the fields. People use this as food in place of grain. Households plant dozens of banana plants, spin their fibers into thread and weave banana cloth. Both men and women wear this in winter and summer, providing benefits comparable to sericulture. According to old records by Ming investiture envoys Xiao Chongye and Xia Ziyang, "the soil does not grow cotton and the land is unsuitable for tea," but now these are occasionally found, though not extensively cultivated.

Vegetables include Chinese cabbage, mustard greens, spinach, radish, coriander, luffa, winter melon, eggplant, sword beans, broad beans, taro, scallions, garlic, Chinese chives, ginger, pepper, Chinese chives, celery, shepherd's purse, bracken, bottle gourd, amaranth, cilantro, fennel, crown daisy, mushrooms, purple seaweed, Chinese cabbage, wood ear mushrooms, and agar seaweed. Unique products include kelp, burdock, spicy buckwheat, poria mushrooms, and jar vegetables. There are also pine mushrooms called chiku-ran in the local language, growing in soil under large pine trees during the ninth and tenth months. The fruiting body is round and white, a type of fungus with fresh, delicious flavor. Those from Gushigami are particularly good. Gray ones growing in cattle dung are inedible. 《marginal note: Among sea vegetables is kelp, also called kombu. There are also red seaweeds similar to agar seaweed but somewhat flattened, found on beaches. There are also chicken-foot seaweed and qilin seaweed》

Trees include pine, cypress, hinoki, cedar, banyan, camphor, gardenia, willow, sophora, palm, boxwood, and paulownia, though very few. Unique species include oak and others.

【Oak】Also called arhat cedar. Leaves are short, thick, and triangular, same as Chinese arhat pine. The wood grain is hard and smooth; throughout the country it is used for building house beams and pillars. Found on all islands, but those from Kikai are particularly fine.

【Fukugi】Leaves resemble holly but are particularly large, growing in opposite pairs, about two inches long, kidney-shaped and thick.